**5. Conclusions**

All electronic processes in nature occur using carbon-based molecular structures; from signal transduction in the brain all the way to photosynthesis in a leaf. Carbon Molecular Electronics (CMEs) as a field is the result of developments in an interdisciplinary field with increasing numbers of synthetic and quantum chemists, physicists and engineers. New devices have been designed and investigated for the exciting realization of CMEs for photovoltaics, transistors, switches and other non-linear electronic components.

The results demonstrated in these works illustrate the use of asphaltene as a light-harvesting active molecular dye effectively in dye sensitized solar cells for application in the field of organic photovoltaics. Higher-power conversion efficiencies can be achieved by further optimizing the device structure. In addition, they also show asphaltene as a promising candidate for doping multi-layer and potentially single layer graphene for future novel nanoscale magnetic or optoelectronic uses.
