**4. Conclusions**

**2.3. Calibration**

6 Metrology

**3. Data evaluation**

**Figure 1.** Hierarchy of calibration/traceability pyramid.

The purpose of calibration is to determine and document how much of the equipment is in error with the actual value. The correct value is obtained by considering the amount of error in the result. Calibration is the process of determining the relationship between the value read in a gauge and the gauge size. Calibration and control of measuring, inspection, and control equipments ensure the appropriateness of measurements made during manufacturing. The continuity of this safety is ensured by the regular and identifiable calibration of the equipment in question. Calibration is performed by comparison with a measurement of normality known to the measurement magnitude. To sum up, calibration is explained in the related standard: under specified conditions, the series of operations in which the relationship between the values indicated by a measuring instrument or device and the values indicated by a material measurement or reference material is established [3]. In order to supply traceability in measurements, calibration hierarchy in **Figure 1** should be followed up carefully.

Metrology and inspection together serve as the control function of the quality of conformance. Inspection helps to evaluate the degree of conformance or nonconformance to specifications, provides for reporting of deficiencies early in the production process, and helps to assure that desired quality requirements have been met. The field of knowledge concerned with measurement. Metrology includes all aspects of both theoretical and practical with reference to measurements, whatever their level of accuracy, and in whatever fields of science or technology they occur. Since quality performance decisions are based on inspection and measurement, undesirable consequences may result if these tasks are not performed properly. Not only incorrect measurements lead to wrong decisions, which can have serious consequences, but also improper data evaluations can cause undesirable consequences. Since Statistical Process Control is the utilization of statistiMetrology is a crucial science including its standards, systems of units, instruments, calibration procedures, uncertainties, inspection, and quality control topics in many industries such as automotive, aerospace, mechanical engineering, surface engineering, etc. and in many sciences like natural and applied sciences in different sizes like micro and nanometrology serving for sustainable improvements. Like being in today, there will always be valuable researches in the field of metrology, with the help of technological developments to support the scientific researches in the future. Care taken in the reliability of measurements and their traceability will always be crucial. Metrology is such useful for humanity if it is conducted according to its rules and international standards.
