6. Conclusion

Viscosity measurements were performed to determine the viscosity value of nanofluid, for high viscosity nanofluid required special treatment to decrease viscosity, i.e., nanofluid used at the temperature above room temperature. Following the above discussion with an increasing

Figure 5. The boundary line for the performance of nanofluid at fixed volume flow rate and fixed pumping power: (a) laminar flow regime and (b) turbulent flow regime. The alumina and MWCNT nanofluids measured in Wu et al.

When the viscosity of the nanofluid is low, and the thermal conductivity of the nanofluid is

temperature, the viscosity of nanofluid decreases.

correlation [32].

288 Microfluidics and Nanofluidics

high, nanofluids can be used in practical applications.

The above discussion can be concluded that the application for nanofluid with low viscosity (high temperature) and high thermal conductivity (small volume fraction) is promising for the future.

Nanofluid can be used as a fluid that has a high-performance increase of heat transfer suitable only for the cooling process, as hot fluids with low particle volume fraction.
