4. Outlook

Emulsions, such as microcapsules and colloids, are crucial in daily life as well as playing vital role in different industrial applications such as pharmaceutical and food industry. Therefore, it is of important to understand the fundamental concept of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluid behavior in the aspect of emulsification using microfluidic approach. Such understanding will bridge the practical application of the approach which aimed to control structure and monodispersed size in multiphase microsystem using emulsion as template. The two-phase flow understanding will stir the continuous development of emulsion to other applications such as microbeads for carbon capture and storage, wastewater treatment in environmental application as well as pharmaceutical drugs control. In this chapter, we have reviewed the fundamental two-phase multiphase model in emulsification process using microfluidic approach by outlining the main difference between Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids and its corresponding pros and cons of each system. More effort should be given to non-Newtonian multiphase system research as non-Newtonian has more impact in daily life such as drug release kinetics in human blood, etc. Furthermore, more focus should also be given in the advancement of droplet size distribution control when both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids are used in a microfluidic multiphase system. This will eventually help to achieve applications such as advanced drug control and release as well as development of new food product that has better nutrient control.

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