**Preface XI**


Min Yang, Changhe Li, Yanbin Zhang, Dongzhou Jia, Runze Li and Wenfeng Ding


Preface

In this book, various aspects of microfluidics and nanofluidics are presented. Microfluidics and nanofluidics span a broad array of disciplines including mechanical, materials, and elec‐ trical engineering, surface science, chemistry, physics, and biology. In Chapter 1, the science and phenomena that become important when fluid flow is confined in microfluidic channels are discussed. In the second chapter, applications of nanofluid for thermal management of photovoltaic modules are reported. In the third chapter, nanofluid minimum quantity lubri‐ cation cooling (NMQLC) technique is summarized first; then a review on the mechanism of grinding thermodynamics under NMQLC condition is presented based on published litera‐ tures. In Chapter 4, each mechanism is presented in brief yet concise manner, for broad range of readers, which serves as a strong foundation for amateurs as well as a brainstorming source for experts, by description of: from the fundamental mechanism that underlies the phenomenon, covering the theoretical and schematic description; how the response is being tuned; and utmost practical, the understanding by specific implementation into bioparticle manipulation covering from micron-sized material down to molecular-level particles. Chap‐ ter 5 deals with transport and interactions of colloidal particles, and biomolecules in micro‐ channels are of great importance to many microfluidic applications, such as drug delivery in life science, microchannel heat exchangers in electronic cooling and food processing industry. Chapter 6 aims to review and discuss the fluid flow behavior of the multiphase system, math‐ ematical models, as well as the fundamental phenomena of driving force of microdroplet encapsulation and fission multiphase system. Chapter 7 presents the recent progress and ap‐ plications of nanofluids in machining processes as well as some initial researches about mi‐ crofluids. Nanofluids provide an excellent media in cutting zone for enhancing the thermal conductivity and tribological characteristics. Precisely addressed (DNA gene) spray micro‐ fluidic chip is investigated in Chapter 8. Chapter 9 aims to focus on a detailed description of the thermal transport behavior, challenges and implications that involve the development and use of HTFs under the influence of atomistic-scale structures and industrial applications. Heat and mass transfer analysis in magnetite molybdenum disulfide nanofluid of grade two is studied in Chapter 10. Chapter 11 deals with heat transfer enhancement as well as the pres‐ sure drop augmentation to determine whether nanofluid is feasible for use in practical appli‐ cations. Chapter 12 presents an overview of the biofouling in membrane processes and

different fabrication techniques of microfluidic membrane systems.

**Mohsen Sheikholeslami Kandelousi (M. Sheikholeslami)**

Department of Mechanical Engineering Babol Noshirvani University of Technology

Babol, Islamic Republic of Iran


Ishita Biswas, Aloke Kumar and Mohtada Sadrzadeh
