**8. Conclusion**

Pediatric CNS tumors are diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. A lot of specialists are involved in their management: pediatricians, neurologists, neurosurgeons, radiologists, radiation and clinical oncologists, endocrinologists and others. Due to the development of MRI and its techniques, use of invasive examinations is minimalized. Over the past decades, there has been a significant refinement of operational technologies, enabling the most extensive and yet safe resection of the tumor. Children CNS tumors are frequent, often with unfavorable prognosis. While in most malignant tumors the prognosis has not improved as hoped, in case of medulloblastoma there has been a significant survival prolongation during last decades. Undoubtedly, this is due to extensive research of the molecular genetic characteristics of tumors, which identified genetically defined subgroups of medulloblastoma with different treatment strategies. This change was also reflected in the new WHO classification, which also classifies medulloblastomas based on genetic alterations. Intense research also takes place in other tumor entities, where the discovery is yet about to come. Identifying molecular and genetic targets is the only possible way to target individualized therapy that appears both in treatment and in further prognosis improving in this age group as a key point.

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