**4. Factors associated with adherence in patients with COPD**

Non-adherence in patients with COPD is a multidimensional phenomenon. The factors include the characteristics of the patient, the disease, the therapies and the health-care provider–patient relationship; many of these are potentially modifiable (Baiardini et al., 2009; Restrepo et al., 2008; WHO, 2003) (Table 4).


\*Influence on adherence: decrease (↓), improve (↑), no effect (―)

Table 4. Factors associated with adherence in patients with COPD
