Preface

**Section 4 Stem Cells for Tissue Regeneration 75**

Chapter 6 **Synovia-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Application in Musculoskeletal Injuries: A Review 77**

Chapter 7 **hiPSC-Based Tissue Organoid Regeneration 97**

Chapter 9 **Hard Tissue Regeneration Treatment Protocols in Contemporary Oral Surgery 141**

Xiaojiang Cui

**VI** Contents

Farideh Mohammadian

**Section 6 Tissue Regeneration for Tendons 159**

Chapter 11 **3D Bioprinting: Surviving under Pressure 185**

Chapter 10 **Tissue Engineering of Tendons 161** Johanna Buschmann

Dianne Eyvonn Godar

**Section 7 Cell VI Abilities 183**

**Section 5 Hard Tissue Regeneration 139**

Mariana Esteves Vieira Branquinho, Ana Rita Caseiro, Sílvia Santos

Ying Qu, Nur Yucer, Veronica J. Garcia, Armando E. Giuliano and

Pedrosa, Rui Damásio Alvites and Ana Colette Maurício

Chapter 8 **Recent Advances in Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering 123**

Bahattin Alper Gultekin and Gamze Zeynep Adem Siyli

Tissue regeneration is a vast subject, with many different important aspects to consider. Re‐ generative medicine is a new branch of medicine that tries to change the course of chronic diseases and, in many cases, regenerates the organ systems that fail due to age, disease, damage or genetic defects.

The main purpose of this book is to point out the interest of some important topics of tissue regeneration and the progress in this field as well as the variety of different surgical fields and operations. This book includes 7 sections and 11 chapters that provide an overview of the essentials in tissue regeneration science and their potential applications in surgery.

The authors of each chapter have given consolidated information on ground realities and attempted to provide a comprehensive knowledge of tissue engineering and regeneration. This book will be useful to researchers and students of biological and biomedical sciences (medical and veterinarian researchers).

This book is the result of the collaborating parties. I gratefully acknowledge the assistance provided by all the authors who have contributed to the publication of this volume and by the IntechOpen editorial office that initiated this project and has completed the book edition.

The editor is thankful to every individual who helped in the preparation of this book. The editor is also indebted to the chapter contributors for accepting helpful criticism for the present shape of the book.

Finally, my special thanks go to Ms. Lada Bozic, Author Service Manager at IntechOpen, for sending information and guidelines for editing the book chapters well on time.

#### **Dr. Hussein Abdel hay El-Sayed Kaoud**

Full Professor of Preventive Medicine Department of Hygiene and Management Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cairo University El-Giza, Egypt

**Section 1**

**Introduction**

**Section 1**
