**4. Conclusions**

HCV infection causes multiple provocations to practitioners due to nontreatment and especially treatment-related psychiatric comorbidities. The evidence reviewed in this chapter strongly suggests that HCV patients should be carefully monitored for psychiatric side effects of treatment. The psychiatric comorbidities along with the cognitive dysfunctions affect the patient's care significantly and might influence the course of the disease. The mechanisms involved remain mainly not sufficiently understood. Psychological adjustment to illness is determined by a complex interaction of many factors. Psychosocial factors appear to be of significance, particularly concerning the coping mechanisms and perceived stigma. In the long run, the goal is to offer a multidisciplinary approach for optimal medical and psychosocial management of patients with HCV.
