**3.1. New therapies improve the outlook of bleeding and clotting disorders**

Coagulation is a dynamic process, and the understanding of blood coagulation system and the ways to modulate the process have been evolving significantly. The concept of coagulation originates back to the 1960s when Davie, Ratnoff, and Macfarlane described their cascade theories [27]. Hemostasis is a complex physiological process that maintains the blood flow and is regulated by a delicate balance between procoagulants supporting the formation of hemostatic plugs to prevent the leakage or blood loss and anticoagulants, preventing the formation of unwanted clots. The imbalance between the two components may cause either bleeding or thrombosis. The seventh chapter comprises a review of the defects in the coagulation system and the recent clinical modulators of the coagulation system by Pilli Vijaya.

The different hereditary and acquired defects of the finely regulated coagulation systems might result in severe of even life-threatening bleeding complications or thrombotic events. The recent advances in the knowledge about the structure, function, and regulation of the coagulation system, as well as in the hereditary genetic abnormalities leading to qualitative and/or quantitative defects of the multiple elements of clothing cascade, and acquired disorders of coagulation as a consequence of other underlying conditions, were an important prerequisite of the development of new diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies based on the product of recombinant technology. The understanding of the physiology of these processes is crucial to identify the pathological scenarios and to predict clinical consequences in order to implement the relevant therapeutic interventions. In combination with the classical laboratory tests and therapeutic blood components, the current management of patients with disorders of hemostasis and thrombosis is based on the individual approach according to the individual patient.

**Author details**

**References**

Gueorgui Balatzenko<sup>1</sup>

and Margarita Guenova2

\*Address all correspondence to: margenova@gmail.com

Active Treatment of Hematological Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria

Active Treatment of Hematological Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria

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\*

Introductory Chapter: Hematology in Times of Precision and Innovation

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.76849

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1 Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology, National Specialized Hospital for

2 Laboratory of Haemathopathology and Immunology, National Specialized Hospital for

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