7.2.1. Assessment data

• Blaming others • Help-seeking

62 Drug Addiction

• Poor self-perception • Intellectualization

7.1.2. Nursing outcomes

7.1.3. Implementation

behaviors.

(intellectualization).

continue his or her behavior.

1. Assessment data include minimization of drug use or dependence, blaming others for problems, reluctance to discuss self or problems, poor insight, failure to accept responsibility for behavior, viewing self as different from others, and rationalization of problems

• Follow through with discharge plans regarding employment, support groups, and so forth

2. Avoid the PDD's attempts to focus on only external problems (such as marital or employment problems) without relating them to the problem of substance use. The problem of

3. Encourage the PDD to identify behaviors that have caused problems in his or her life. The PDD may deny or lack insight into the relationship between his or her problems and

4. Do not allow the PDD to rationalize difficulties or to blame others or circumstances beyond the PDD's control. Rationalizing and blaming others give the PDD an excuse to

substance use must be dealt with first because it affects all other areas.

• Accepting personal responsibility

• Immediate Persons with drug addiction will:

• Stabilization Persons with drug addiction will:

• Community Persons with drug addiction will:

• Participate in treatment program

• Abstain from drug use

• Identify negative effects of his or her behavior on others

• Verbalize acceptance of responsibility for own behavior

• Express acceptance of drug dependence as an illness • Maintain abstinence from chemical substance

• Demonstrate acceptance of responsibility for own behavior • Verbalize knowledge of illness and treatment plan


## 7.2.2. Nursing outcomes


	- Demonstrate effective communication with others
	- Demonstrate nonchemical methods of dealing with feelings, problems, and situations

2. \*Refer the PDD to a chaplain or spiritual advisor of his or her choice, if indicated. The PDD may be overwhelmed with guilt or despair. Spiritual resources may help the PDD main-

Nursing Care for Persons with Drug Addiction http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.73334 65

3. \*Teach the PDD and significant others about prevention of hepatitis and HIV transmission, and refer them for testing and counseling if appropriate. PDD who use substances are at increased risk for hepatitis and HIV transmission by sharing needles and by sexual activ-

4. \*Refer the PDD to vocational rehabilitation, social services, or other resources as indicated.

5. \*Refer the PDD and significant others to join motivation interview session or other support groups in the community or via the Internet as indicated. Many PDDs and significant others benefit from continued support for sobriety after discharge. Note: There are many different groups modeled on the basic 12-step program, including gay, lesbian, and non-Christian

6. \*Refer the PDD for treatment for other problems as indicated. Drug dependence often is

At risk of injury as a result of environmental conditions interacting with the individual's adap-

associated with posttraumatic behavior, abusive relationships, and so forth.

• Emotional impairment, mood alteration, and drastic mood swings

The PDD may need a variety of services to reestablish successful functioning.

tain sobriety and find social support.

groups.

7. Evaluation of nursing outcomes.

8.1. Nursing diagnosis: risk for injury

tive and defensive resources.

8.1.1. Assessment data

• Feelings of hostility

• Cognitive deficits

• Confusion

• Seizures

• Disorientation

• Integrative dysfunction • Sensory or motor deficits

• Inability to perceive harmful stimuli

• Uncooperative, hostile behavior

8.1.1.1. Risk factors

• Fear

ity, especially when judgment is impaired by drug use.

• Participate in follow-up or aftercare programs and support groups

#### 7.2.3. Implementation


Asking why is frustrating as well as fruitless; there is no answer.
