**8. Conclusion**

The current rapid growth in the generation of MSW due to population growth and increasing economic development in developing countries has become one of the most serious environmental issues. In 2016, the total amount of MSW in Thailand increased to 27.06 million tons. The efficiency of waste collection is about 80% countrywide but only 36% of the total generated waste is disposed of through acceptable processes such as incineration, composting and landfilling. Moreover, SWM is an interdisciplinary issue. It inevitably involves municipalities, scavengers, investors, teachers, and people. The concept of WM has been embraced by Thailand through the setting of a national master plan for SWM, waste separation at source, clustering waste disposal sites, terminating open dumping, rehabilitating landfills, promoting investment in waste businesses, and building up civil discipline to support sustainable SWM.The increasing amounts of household mixed waste has created a national problem, the resolution of which is to turn a crisis into an opportunity and to reap benefits from garbage. The Thai government has directed provincial authorities to discover new locations for constructing waste management facilities in order to manage the increasing amounts of garbage and to produce renewable energy. WTE is primarily aimed at waste treatment, with the additional benefit of recovering energy and materials from the process. Nowadays, WTE technologies are gaining momentum as a favorable means of managing waste. AD is the most favorable technology for organic waste separated at source. To enhance the AD performance, the retrofitting AD unit to minimize biogas leakage and increasing microbial activities by improving tank mixing is recommended [38]. Thermal processes such as incineration can also be used to treat mixed waste with a low moisture content but this technology has limitations when dealing with high moisture content waste which may cause fluctuated heating values.

However, the environmental impact on nearby communities is an important concern. Nevertheless, motivation for investment in WTE projects has been provided by the FiT rate paid for electricity generated with the aim of promoting energy recovery from MSW. Furthermore, a FiT premium rate for all project lifetimes of 0.50 Bht per unit above the regular FiT is now applicable as an incentive in the southern border provinces. In conclusion however, sustainable SWM can only succeed through the improvement of WTE technology and with public participation.
