2.1.4. Neem (Azadirachta indica)

Azadirachta indica is a member of the family Meliaceae and is native to Indian subcontinent. It can be grown by seeds in rainy season and reach the maximum productivity after 15 years. The adult plants reach at the height of 25–30 m and bears fruit at the age of 3–5 years. Neem tree produce around 40–50 kg fruits per plant per year equivalent to 25–30 kg seeds in its full growth [23]. Average seed yield of neem is 2.67 ton/ha at density 400 plants/ha [11]. The neem oil yield that can be obtained from the seed kernels varies from 25 to 45% [11].

#### 2.1.5. Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis)

The rubber tree is a perennial plantation crop, indigenous to South America and cultivated as an industrial crop since its introduction to South-East Asia around 1876. Rubber tree can grow in hot and moist regions. Its productivity starts from eighth year onwards. The yield of the seeds is about 300–500 kg/ha/year [24]. Rubber seed kernels (50–60% of seed) contain 40–50% of pale yellow oil [25–27]. Rubber seed oil does not contain any unusual fatty acids, but is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids C18:2 and C18:3 that make up 52% of its total fatty acid composition [28]. Rubber seed oil contains 18.90% saturated fatty acid (10.20% palmitic acid, 8.70% stearic acid) and 80.50% unsaturated fatty acid (24.60% oleic acid, 39.605 linoleic acid, 16.30% linolenic acid) [29].
