**Meet the editors**

Prof. Dr. Banu Yücel graduated from the Ege University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, in 1991 and then was assigned as a "research assistant" at the same department in 1993. She received her MSc degree in 1994 and her PhD degree in 1999 from the Ege University. She was assigned as an "assistant professor" in 2002, an "associate professor" in 2006, and a "full-

time professor" in 2013. Prof. Dr. Yücel received the "National Science Encouragement Reward" from "The Scientific and Technological Research Center of Turkey" for four times and the "Science and Technology Transfer Centre of Ege University" for three times in her academic life. Lastly, she was awarded the "Golden Bee Reward (2015)" from the "Honey and Bee Products Promotion and Research Center" for her scientific contribution to the beekeeping sector. Prof. Dr. Yücel has published many scientific articles, researches, and presentations on beekeeping. She has lectured many beekeeping courses and made consultations on national and international platforms. She is fulent in English.

Prof. Dr. Turgay Taşkin graduated from the Ege University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, in 1986 and completed military service between 1987 and 1988. Then, he received his MSc degree in 1990 and was assigned as a "research assistant" at the same department in 1992. Prof. Dr. Taşkin completed his PhD degree in 1995 from the Ege University. He was assigned

as an "associate professor" in 2000 and a "full-time professor" in 2006. His scientific contribution is in the sheep/goat management. He has published many scientific articles, researches, and presentations on sheep /goat production and managements. He has published three books on sheep and goat management. Prof. Dr. Turgay Taşkin has lectured many sheep-goat breeder courses/applications on national platform. He is married and has a daughter. He is fluent in English.

Contents

**Preface VII**

**Section 1 Animal Husbandry 1**

**Production 43**

Chapter 4 **Quality of Chicken Meat 63**

**Section 2 Animal Nutrition 95**

Chapter 5 **Feeding 97**

A. Iji

**Feed Resources 147** Grace Opadoyin Tona

Chapter 1 **The Innovative Techniques in Animal Husbandry 3**

Chapter 2 **Effective Temperature for Poultry and Pigs in Hot Climate 23**

Chapter 3 **Nitrogen Emissions and Mitigation Strategies in Chicken**

Madugu and Zainab Suleiman Usman

Figen Kırkpınar and Zümrüt Açıkgöz

Bjarne Bjerg, Guoqiang Zhang, Poul Pedersen and Svend Morsing

Gabriel Adebayo Malomo, Stephen Abiodun Bolu, Aliyu Shuaibu

Gordana Kralik, Zlata Kralik, Manuela Grčević and Danica Hanžek

Emmanuel U. Ahiwe, Apeh A. Omede, Medani B. Abdallh and Paul

Chapter 6 **Managing Dietary Energy Intake by Broiler Chickens to Reduce Production Costs and Improve Product Quality 115**

Chapter 7 **Current and Future Improvements in Livestock Nutrition and**

Serap Göncü and Cahit Güngör

## Contents

## **Preface XI**


Emmanuel U. Ahiwe, Apeh A. Omede, Medani B. Abdallh and Paul A. Iji

Chapter 7 **Current and Future Improvements in Livestock Nutrition and Feed Resources 147** Grace Opadoyin Tona

#### Chapter 8 **Respirometry and Ruminant Nutrition 171**

Ricardo Reis e Silva, Ana Luiza Costa Cruz Borges, Pedro Henrique de Araujo Carvalho, André Santos Souza, Paolo Antonio Dutra Vivenza, Juliana Sávia da Silva, Helena Ferrreira Lage, Alexandre Lima Ferreira, Lúcio Carlos Gonçalves, Eloisa Oliveira Simões Saliba, Iran Borges, Warley Efrem Campos and Norberto Mario Rodriguez

Preface

Throughout history, humans have relied on animals for nutrition, clothing, trading, and work. Due to an increase in the human population, the need to increase yields has been sus‐ tained by the breeding of animals. Because of all these benefits, different animal strains have been bred in different environmental conditions. The domestication of animals by profitable and sustainable animal husbandry and feeding creates a scientific discipline called "Animal

This book focuses on the application of a number of new techniques and approaches to ani‐ mal husbandry and animal feeding. The main objective of one of the chapters is innovative techniques in animal husbandry. Technological developments are the main research area for animal productivity and sustainability. Many technological equipment and tools have made animal husbandry easier. Additionally, climatic changes for poultry and pigs are also dis‐ cussed in this book. A hot climate has a direct negative effect on productivity and animal welfare in livestock production. Addressing these negative consequences requires access to a variety of technical solutions that can influence atmospheric physical parameters in the animal kingdom. As major sources of global environmental concerns, air emissions from feeding operations and manure management in chicken production are discussed as well. In addition, in one of the chapters in the Animal Husbandry section, chicken meat quality and health benefits are discussed. As is known, chicken meat is considered an easily available source of high-quality protein. In this way, chicken meat becomes a beneficial foodstuff, which, in addition to high-quality nutritional composition, also contains ingredients that are

In the second section of this book, the focus is on animal nutrition. In the Feeding chapter, the main scientific areas concerning today's modern breeding and feed industries, animal nutrition and feed science, and factors affecting performance, reproduction, and product quality are discussed. Improving productivity through better nutrition is determined by a number of interrelated considerations such as the availability of nutrients, the type of feed‐ ing system, and the level of feeding management. The reduction of production cost and im‐ provement in product quality of broiler chickens are analyzed by managing dietary regulations. Additionally, present and future livestock nutrition and feed resources are be‐ ing improved by using nanotechnology facilities—an aspect of ruminant nutrition also cov‐

It is hoped that this book will help both scientific and nonscientific communities to make informed animal husbandry and nutrition decisions with proven benefits and futuristic,

**Prof. Dr. Banu Yücel and Prof. Dr. Turgay Taşkin**

Ege University Faculty of Agriculture Department of Animal Science

Bornova, Izmir-Turkey

Production" and involves many multidisciplinary interactions.

beneficial to human health and proper body functioning.

technical, and practical applications in the animal sector.

ered in the Animal Nutrition section.
