Nomenclature

Case 5 is the best control strategy based on both dynamic responses of zone air temperature and the fuel consumption. Without measuring zone air temperature for compensation, Case 4

6.1 The first law of thermodynamics and mass conservation principle can be utilized to

6.2 The developed ideal dynamic model must be corrected to obtain actual model, which can

6.3 DHSs must be controlled due to the disturbances from outside air temperature, solar radiation and internal heat gains to reduce the influence of zone air temperature.

6.4 By dealing with the disturbances in Cases 4 and 5, the thermal comfort level has been

6.5 Instead of the limitation of measuring zone air temperature in buildings, the equivalent outside air temperature method could be utilized to compensate the disturbances.

6.6 The best thermal comfort can be approached with the lowest energy consumption (Case 5) by utilizing zone air temperature control strategy directly to regulate average water

is the best one for optimal operation of the DHS.

Figure 10. Comparison with fuel consumption.

temperature in the secondary system.

develop dynamic mathematical models of DHSs.

be applied for various simulations, analysis and compression.

106 Sustainable Buildings - Interaction Between a Holistic Conceptual Act and Materials Properties

improved significantly because of the compensation of disturbances.

6. Conclusions


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