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**Part 2** 

**Psychological Aspects of HIV/AIDS** 

WHO & IUHPE (World Health Organization & International Union for Health Promotion and Education) (2000) *Framework for Countrywide Plans of Action for Health Promotion.* A conference document, Fifth Global Conference on Health Promotion, Mexico City, Mexico.

**Part 2** 

**Psychological Aspects of HIV/AIDS** 

124 Social and Psychological Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Their Ramifications

WHO & IUHPE (World Health Organization & International Union for Health Promotion

Mexico City, Mexico.

and Education) (2000) *Framework for Countrywide Plans of Action for Health Promotion.* A conference document, Fifth Global Conference on Health Promotion,

**7** 

*Nigeria* 

**Psychosocial Needs and Support Services** 

**University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria** 

HIV/AIDS has become a threat to public health in Nigeria as a result of its devastating consequences, which are manifested in forms of prolonged sickness, deaths and increase in number of orphans and widows/widowers. Nigeria has an estimated population of about 150 million of which about 3.5 million are infected by HIV/AIDS (FMINO, 2007). HIV/AIDS was first identified in Nigeria in 1985 and reported at an International Conference in 1986 (Adeyi et al, 2006). The HIV/AIDS pandemic led to the death of 170,000 Nigerians in 2007 (UNAIDS, 2008). According to Edewor (2010), Nigeria has already surpassed the 5 percent explosive prevalence phase and the disease has killed more than 1.3 million people and orphaned more than 1 million children (FMINO, 2007). The infection rates of HIV/AIDS vary across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. According to Edewor (2010), the mode of HIV transmission in Nigeria is mainly through unprotected sex, and other factors which contribute to the spread of the virus include poverty, Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI), social and religious norms and political and social changes

Parke and Aggleton (2007) noted that negative social attitudes toward marginalised populations, policies mandating the testing of high risk groups and limited legal protections based on HIV status may exacerbate stigma. They stressed further that increase vulnerability to discrimination complicates the social and psychological adjustment of Persons Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The victims require necessary assistance to be able to live happily and contribute meaningfully to the development of the society. Thus,

Psychosocial needs can be described as social, mental and spiritual requirements of PLWHA in order to live quality life and contribute to development of the society. The needs can be viewed from a psychological theory propounded by Abraham Maslow in 1943. According to Maslow (1954), the hierarchy of needs is often portrayed in the shape of a pyramid, with the largest and most fundamental levels of needs at the bottom, and the need for selfactualization at the top. The most fundamental and basic four layers of the pyramid contain what Maslow called "deficiency needs" or "d-needs", esteem, friendship and love, security,

they need psychosocial supports to be able to cope with their challenges.

**1. Introduction** 

(National AIDS/STD Control Programme, 1999).

**Accessed by HIV/AIDS Patients of the** 

*1Department of Counsellor Education, University of Ilorin, Ilorin* 

Yahaya, Lasiele Alabi and Jimoh, A.A.G.

*2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin* 
