**7. Conclusion**

In summary, the explanatory model applied in this study provided a framework for organizing the findings of this study. The model adapted from the Precede portion of the (Green & Kreuter, 1999) Precede-Proceed model was helpful in understanding HIV-stigma related problems, coping mechanisms and care-seeking behaviors of PLWHA which can affect utilization of health-care institutions (Mbonu et al., 2009). This study shows that certain determining and moderating variables are important for PLWHA, in order for them to cope with HIV/AIDS and to make care choices. These variables which are depicted in the model should be the target of context-specific interventions. The findings from this study can translate into practical issues if we understand how and why PLWHA seek care from health-care institutions. Societal reactions, whether anticipated or real, continue to play a vital role in the way PLWHA cope and seek care from health care institutions. It also makes people not to disclose their HIV status especially to their significant others such as their partners. This is because PLWHA believed that society blames them and perceives that it is only contracted through sex. Many PLWHA keep their HIV status information quiet but live with that burden to avoid societal judgment. PLWHA try also to compare HIV/AIDS in the way of route of transmission, lifetime medication and prognosis to other chronic illnesses as ways of coping even though they know in reality, HIV/AIDS is different medically and in terms of societal impressions, beliefs and reactions. Altering these coping methods, societal impressions and beliefs about HIV/AIDS is necessary in order for PLWHA to seek appropriate care. It is important that HIV patients are supported so that they are able to go

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for HIV test and get effective treatment. Proper counseling goes a long way to help PLWHA to accept their status and prepares them to live with HIV. Clearly, PLWHA need psychological, medical and material support. Access to antiretroviral drugs remains a very important step in the care of HIV patients because when people have access to drugs, their health greatly improves and they are less prone to complications so they can go to work, have normal relationships and interact fully with the people around them.
