**The Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of MicroRNAs for Hepatocellular Carcinoma The Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of MicroRNAs for Hepatocellular Carcinoma**

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.72276

Xi-Dai Long, Wei-Zhong Tang, Jun Lu, Xiao-Ying Huang, Jin-Guang Yao, Tian-Qi Zhang, Xing-Zhizi Wang, Qun-Ying Su, Chun-Ying Luo, Xue-Ming Wu, Chao Wang, Li-Xia Zeng, Qiang Xia and Yun Ma Xi-Dai Long, Wei-Zhong Tang, Jun Lu, Xiao-Ying Huang, Jin-Guang Yao, Tian-Qi Zhang, Xing-Zhizi Wang, Qun-Ying Su, Chun-Ying Luo, Xue-Ming Wu, Chao Wang, Li-Xia Zeng, Qiang Xia and Yun Ma Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.72276

#### **Abstract**

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102 Hepatocellular Carcinoma - Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27598118

Biology & Medicine. 2014;**71**:415-426

Hepatocellular carcinoma (also termed hepatocarcinoma) is the third cancer-related cause of death worldwide. To our knowledge, markers such as α-fetoprotein display poor performance in the early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of hepatocarcinoma. MicroRNAs are an evolutionarily conserved class of small noncoding single-stranded RNA typically consisting of 18–24 nucleotides. They have been reported to act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes via reversely regulating gene expression. Recent evidence has revealed that microRNAs, especially in body fluids such as the blood and urine, display important diagnostic and prognostic potential for hepatocarcinoma. Here, we reviewed currently available data on microR-NAs and hepatocarcinoma, with emphasis on the biogenesis and function of microRNAs and their potential diagnostic and prognostic value for hepatocarcinoma. We also discussed the clinical utility perspectives of microRNAs in hepatocarcinoma and possible challenges.

**Keywords:** hepatocarcinoma, microRNA, diagnosis, prognosis
