**5. Conclusions**

The urban surface cover and the urban LST are essential to map and monitor in urban climate studies. This chapter demonstrates the use of satellite Earth observation geo-spatial data to assist the study of urban climate. The methods proposed here can be easily adapted to the Sentinels, which will have high revisit rate, and thus to provide high spatial and temporal resolution LST products for urban areas. Approaches like the ones described in this chapter can become operational once adapted to Sentinels, since their long-term operation plan guarantees the future supply of satellite observations. Thus, the described methods may support planning activities related to climate change mitigation and adaptation in cities, as well as routine urban planning activities. It is therefore expected to advance the current knowledge of the impacts of the intra-urban LST variability on urban energy budget and hence on both urban heat island and energy consumption in cities.
