**Meet the editors**

Stavros J. Baloyannis, Professor Emeritus of Neurology at Aristotelian University, Thessaloniki, Greece, was born in Thessaloniki. He graduated from the School of Medicine, Aristotelian University, and trained in neurology at Aristotelian University and the Institute of Neurology, London, neuropathology at the Institute of Neurology, London, Catholic University of Louvain,

and University of Pennsylvania, neuropathology of the auditory pathway at Harvard University, electron microscopy at the University of Pennsylvania, and neuroimmunology at Yale University. His research interests are the blood–brain barrier, mitochondria in Alzheimer's disease, synaptogenesis, neuronal apoptosis, dendritic and synaptic pathology, and Golgi apparatus in dementias. His special interests include neuroethics, neurolinguistics, neurophilosophy, history of neurosciences, neurology, and art. He is a member of 57 scientific societies, honorary member of the Academy of Hellenic Air Forces, President of the Society for the Amelioration of the Quality of Life in Chronic Neurological Diseases, President of the Orthodox Association for Medical Education and Health in Africa, and visiting professor at Tufts University, Democritus University, Aristotelian University, School of Theology, and School of Philosophy. He is the author of 28 textbooks and 722 papers on neurology and neurosciences. He has organized 26 international congresses and participated in 612. He was head of the Department of Neurology (1992–2011) and Director of the Research Institute for Alzheimer's Disease.

Dr. Jan O. Gordeladze, Ph.D. (born 25th of April, 1950), holds a triple professor competence (Medical Biochemistry, Physiology, and Pharmacology), and is presently working as a Professor Emeritus at the Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Norway. He has previously been employed as the Medical Director of MSD, Norway, serving two

years as a Fulbright scholar at the NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. From 2006-2009 he was employed as Associate Professor at the University of Montpellier, France. He is a member of the Norwegian Stem Cell Center, and his research has over the past 7-10 years been devoted to differentiation of osteochondral cells from stem cells focusing on the impact of transcription factors and microRNA species constituting regulatory loop interactions with functional target genes. He has published more than 120 scientific articles, reviews/book chapters and presented more than 250 abstracts/posters/talks at conferences worldwide. Dr. Gordeladze has served as a Fulbright Scholar at The National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Washington DC during the years 1990-91.

Contents

**Preface VII**

Chapter 1 **Anatomy and Function of the Hypothalamus 3**

Miana Gabriela Pop, Carmen Crivii and Iulian Opincariu

Chapter 2 **Studies on the Character of Hypothalamic GnRH Neurons and**

Chapter 3 **Hypothalamic Control of Sleep-Wake Circadian Cycle 31**

**Hypothalamic Defense Responses 47**

Chapter 5 **The Hypothalamus in Alzheimer's Disease 75**

**Oncogene HER-2/Neu) Aging 99** Elena D. Bazhanova and David L. Teply

Ioannis S. Baloyannis and Vassiliki G. Costa

Chapter 6 **The Apoptosis Regulation Mechanisms in Hypothalamic**

Stefan Dawid-Milner

**Section 3 Neuropathology 73**

Chapter 4 **Role of the Dorso- and Ventrolateral Pons in Cardiorespiratory**

**Kisspeptin Neurons Using Hypothalamic Cell Models 17** Haruhiko Kanasaki, Aki Oride, Tuvshintugs Tumurbaatar and Satoru

Miguel Meira e Cruz, Sérgio Matoso Laranjo and Isabel Rocha

Amelia Díaz-Casares, Manuel Víctor López-González and Marc

Stavros J. Baloyannis, Ioannis Mavroudis, Demetrios Mitilineos,

**Neurons in Physiological and Pathological (Overexpression of**

**Section 1 Neuroanatomy 1**

**Section 2 Neurphysiology 15**

Kyo
