**5. Conclusions**

After about 200 years from the first introduction of *Fusarium*, there is not a universal agreement on the taxonomy of *Fusarium* species yet. However, considerable efforts are underway to use the available information to develop a uniform taxonomy system for *Fusarium*. *Fusarium* species infect most of plant species and cause substantial crop and yield losses. Effective management of *Fusarium* diseases in crops is not only essential for preventing crop losses but also needed to minimize mycotoxin production in food and feed products. Major strategies for preventing/minimizing mycotoxin production should be based on preventing growth of *Fusarium* in plants and therefore mycotoxin formation, reducing or eliminating mycotoxins from contaminated food and feed stuffs, or diverting contaminated products to low risk uses.

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