**Author details**

**5. The prospects of evolution and application of the lighting systems**

88 Emerging Microwave Technologies in Industrial, Agricultural, Medical and Food Processing

use of microwave ovens.

at high illumination levels.

Despite the fact that electrodeless sulfur lamps with microwave excitation are still very young, powerful lighting devices based on them have opened a new direction in lighting and found a new application of microwave technologies, which can become even more massive than the

Due to the positive qualities of the lighting characteristics, an area of application of optical radiation sources on the basis of the electrodeless sulfur lamps with microwave excitation is considerably extended [15, 16]. From problems of a lighting technology associated with lighting by a narrow, intense beam of light (spotlamp) or lighting of streets, large areas, tunnels, decorative lighting of interiors, lighting fountains, architectural monuments and other municipal facilities and services, to the integration of lighting systems in various technological processes. The implementation of new technical solutions for the design of lighting systems on the basis of the electrodeless sulfur lamp with microwave excitation has become possible due to the use of its positive qualities and advantages as, for example, the availability of a quasisolar spectrum of radiation with reduced level of radiation in the ultraviolet and infrared regions of an electromagnetic spectrum. This allows apart from the creation of therapeutic and preventive effects on humans and other wildlife to provide also safe working conditions, excluding the destructive, dangerous or other harmful effects of ultraviolet and infrared radiations on illuminated objects and the environment, especially

Further progress of the electrodeless sulfur lamps with microwave excitation can be their integration with other electron devices for creating the power energy-efficient lighting systems. As an example of such system, one can be considered a lighting device developed on the basis of linking the electrodeless sulfur lamp with microwave excitation and solar batteries [17]. A general view of block diagram of proposed lighting device is schematically shown in **Figure 12**. The solar batteries allow to achieve partial regeneration of the electric power, which are connected to the control unit by an illumination system, a store of electric energy and an external power network. The principle of operation of the lighting device on the basis of the electrodeless sulfur lamp with microwave excitation is in employing solar batteries 2 for converting the optical radiation generated by the lighting system 1 directly to the direct current. A control unit of the lighting device controls a process of charge-discharge of the storage batteries 4, and

Taking into account the spectrum of radiation of the sulfur lamp close to a spectrum of natural (solar) radiation as the solar batteries, one can use their standard construction, which usually

The solar batteries are located inside the structure of premises (for example, greenhouses), allowing several advantages: firstly, it facilitates the maintenance of the solar batteries (avoiding snow, rain, hail and other natural phenomena); secondly, with reducing sunny days, the necessity to use artificial light increases (for example, when the plants get supplementary

in the case of their low voltage, it switches to an external power network 5.

applies for transformation of natural (solar) light flux in direct current.

Gennadiy Churyumov\* and Tetyana Frolova \*Address all correspondence to: g.churyumov@ukr.net Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics, Ukraine
