**6. Conclusions**

Conventional research has contributed to great extent and has delivered its maximum. So, the only hope to get improved agricultural crops is the implication of advanced research. Adoption of biotechnological interventions have proved their worth and more than 18 million farmers in 26 countries are growing GM crops on an area of 185.1 million hectares (457.4 million acres) which is increasing each year. More than 90% of these crops are either insect resistant or herbicide tolerant resulting a massive decrease in the usage of chemical pesticides by 37%, increased crop yields by 22%, and increased farmer's profits by 68%. Though, biotechnological interventions have produced agronomically improved genotypes yet scientists are currently working to engineer sugarcane crop as a platform for large scale production of chemicals with industrial as well as therapeutic significance. Hence, Biotechnological interventions hold great promises to develop a better sugarcane crop with improved agronomic traits, sugar contents and biofuel production.
