**Congenital Anomalies in Human Embryos**

**Congenital Anomalies in Human Embryos**

Shiori Nakano, Haruyuki Makishima and Shigehito Yamada Shigehito Yamada Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

Shiori Nakano, Haruyuki Makishima and

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.72628

#### **Abstract**

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Morphogenesis mainly occurs during embryonic stage, and congenital anomalies also occur at that time. The Kyoto Collection, one of the largest collections of human embryos, including a lot of those with congenital anomalies, is significantly helpful for analyzing embryonic growth. From the collection, normal and abnormal embryos have been selectively presented in this chapter. Recently developed imaging technology enabled three-dimensional (3D) imaging of embryos and fetuses in high resolution. The devices available for embryonic and fetal imaging and the results obtained therefrom are introduced in this chapter. In addition, new strategies for diagnosing congenital anomalies, such as autopsy imaging and genetic analyses, are discussed.

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.72628

**Keywords:** human embryo, congenital anomalies, three-dimensional (3D) imaging, genetic analyses, autopsy imaging

#### **1. Introduction**

Congenital anomalies occur during the embryonic period, in which morphogenesis happens. The Kyoto Collection, one of the largest collections of human embryos, consists of over 40,000 human embryos and fetuses, including a large number of embryos with anomalies. Here we introduce embryonic cases with congenital anomalies, supplemented with valuable pictures, and discuss about the diagnoses of these anomalies at an early embryonic age using new 3D imaging modalities.

Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2018 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons
