**1. Introduction**

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) consists of a defect in variable size in the fetal diaphragm. It occurs more often on the left side and abdominal organs herniate into the thoracic cavity. Most if the time the diagnosis is made during the second trimester fetal morfology ultrasound examination. Diagnosis is based mainly on finding abdominal organs such as stomach, bowel, and liver in the chest cavity or in the presence of a chest mass which pushes the heart toward the lateral thoracic wall.

Although the surgical repair offers excellent results from the technical point of view, the problem with these patients are related to the impaired development of the lungs and their vasculature, therefore, the mortality and morbidity of these babies remain high even after surgery.

© 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2018 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
