Contents



Elena Zvanca, Cezara Muresan, Laura Monica Cara, Ciprian Laurentiu Patru, Roxana Cristina Drăgușin and Maria Sorop-Florea


Contents **VII**

Chapter 7 **Neonatal Ebstein's Anomaly 149**

Christopher Knott-Craig

Chapter 9 **Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia 187**

Neamțu and Dominic Gabriel Iliescu

Dalibor Sabbagh and Petar Rašić

Chapter 12 **Congenital Abdominal Anomalies 247** Ples Liana and Anca Lesnic

Chapter 13 **Renal Anomalies 271**

Cernea

**Genitalia 287**

Chapter 16 **Abnormalities of the Placenta 327**

Chapter 11 **Gastroschisis: Prenatal Diagnosis and Outcome 231**

Adrian Claudiu Ratiu

Chapter 10 **Fetal Abdominal Wall Defects 207**

Chapter 8 **Thoracic Anomalies 163** Cringu Ionescu

Umar Boston, Ken-Michael Bayle, TK Susheel Kumar and

Roxana Cristina Drăgușin, Maria Șorop-Florea, Ciprian Laurențiu Pătru, Lucian Zorilă, Cristian Marinaș, Nicolae Cernea, Cristian

Vesna Milojković Marinović, Blagoje Grujić, Aleksandra Stojanović,

Alexandru Cristian Comanescu, Florentina Tanase, Maria Cristina Comanescu, Razvan Cosmin Pana, Madalina Barbu and Nicolae

Sidonia Maria Sandulescu, Ramona Mircea Vicol, Adela Serban,

Iuliana Ceausu, Dominic Iliescu, Cristian Poalelungi, Cristian Posea,

Roxana Cristina Drăgușin, Maria Șorop-Florea, Ciprian Laurențiu Pătru, Lucian Zorilă, Cristian Marinaș, Bogdan Virgiliu Șorop, Răzvan

Chapter 14 **Congenital Anomalies of Urinary Tract and Anomalies of Fetal**

Nicolae Bacalbasa, Dragos Dobritoiu and Liana Ples

Andreea Veliscu Carp and Vaduva Cristian

Chapter 15 **The Antenatal Detection of Fetal Limb Anomalies 309**

Căpitănescu and Dominic Gabriel Iliescu

	- **Section 2 Fetal Chromosomal Anomalies 363**

Preface

tion, and empathy.

ta, in each case.

genital anomalies.

the extremities.

umbilical cord) anomalies.

This book is structured in three sections.

Nowadays, nobody can imagine practicing obstetrics without using obstetrical ultrasound. Working in the prenatal diagnosis field requires dedication, patience, skills, experience, cau‐

The concept of this book was guided by the desire to provide some help to the ultrasound operators. On a daily basis, they are confronted with the challenging task of ruling out or suspecting/confirming the diagnosis of fetal anomalies, either structural or chromosomal. We have witnessed the paramount effort to commute, adjoining to the screening for chro‐ mosomal abnormalities—all major structural defects diagnosed earlier from the second-tri‐ mester scan to the late first-trimester scan. Sometimes, minute structural defects can betray major functional damage or may trigger a comprehensive genetic workup. Such achieve‐ ments were unthinkable until recently. The most important aim of prenatal ultrasonography remained to reassure the parents as early as possible that fetal development is within the normal ranges. At times, if a malformation is detected, it is necessary to counsel the patient about the nature and the natural history of the respective condition. Most anomalies devel‐

Still, all operators must acknowledge the dynamics of the prenatal life and maintain the alertness in scanning all the three trimesters, regardless of the normalcy of the previous da‐

The first chapter is a run-through of the most significant anomalies that can be detected in the antenatal life, which is divided into fetal systems. The second chapter, committed to so‐ noembryology, contains images from one of the largest collections of human embryos. It covers the embryonic normal development and growth and includes the embryos with con‐

Subsequently, the fetal systems are addressed in a natural consecution: the central nervous system, the fetal face, the fetal heart, the thorax, the abdomen, the kidneys, the genitalia, and

Finally, this book section ends with two chapters describing the fetal adnexal (placenta and

All authors proved an outstanding effort to cover extensive researched fields, in a detailed and accurate manner, for each condition addressed. The reader will find a large number of

op early, and we now have the tools to detect these as early as 10–16 weeks.

The **first** section, the largest one, is dedicated to fetal structural anomalies.
