**13.6.** *Zanthoxylum xanthoxyloides* **(lam.) Waterm**

*Z. xanthoxyloides* (Lam.) is widely distributed in several African countries. It is known for varied uses in traditional medicine: the root-bark extract is used in treating elephantiasis, toothache, sexual impotence, gonorrhea, malaria, dysmenorrhea and abdominal pain [73]. Workers in West Africa have reported the anti-sickling and antimicrobial activity of the extracts of the plant [74]. In Nigeria, *Z. xanthoxyloides* is used as a chewing stick; water extracts from the plant showed activities against bacteria significant to periodontal disease [75]. It is a very popular anthelmintic among the various tribes in Uganda [76]. It has also been found that the alcoholic extracts of the root bark possess considerable antibacterial activity [77]. Its methanolic extract of the root bark has anthelmintic activity [76], anti-sickling [74] and is anti-inflammatory [78].
