**5. Conclusion**

the number of papers cited by journal for the most cited journal (number of references ≥2) appears. Emphasis is stressed on reviews and taking into account the high number of references available, the authors apologize for those they may have overlooked or inadvertently

**Table 1.** Selected papers on food, pharmaceutical, pharmacology, cosmetic, industrial, and analytical applications of

CD-based catenanes and rotaxanes. Nepogodiev et al. (1998) [226, 227] Organic reactions mediated by CDs: effect in solid CD complexes. Takahashi (1998) [228]

**Content Authors Refs.**

Chui and Fyles (2014) [222]

Harada et al. (2009) [223]

Khan et al. (1998) [224]

Lipkowitz (1998) [225]

Synthesis of CD half-channels derived by per-functionalization of the CD primary positions and their activity as channels assessed by the

Systematic analysis of methods that are available for modification of CDs. The focus is on methods for transformation where the number and the exact positions of modifications are ascertained and pure compounds with unambiguous structures are obtained.

Construction of supramolecular structures of CDs with some polymers (polyrotaxanes) and formation of supramolecular oligomers

Applications of computational chemistry to the study of CDs: molecular modeling, structural features of CDs, dynamical aspects of CD structure and computational studies of host−guest complexation.

**Figure 5.** Number of publications cited per year.

omitted.

cyclodextrins (CDs).

bilayer clamp technique.

26 Cyclodextrin - A Versatile Ingredient

and polymers formed by CD derivatives.

Currently, there are a large number of drugs with poor solubility, bioavailability, permeability issues, undesirable properties as taste and odor, and irritation potential, and CDs can become an useful tool for optimizing drugs problematic [84]. Additionally, new uses of cyclodextrins are being explored, in different fields as nanoparticles, liposome and microsphere. The ability of making inclusion complexes with drugs makes CDs have a great future, as reflected by the rising number of publications and patents having been filed. Some researchers also believe that there will be more a still wider use for CDs as the knowledge about their properties increase [7]. The studies of CD-based nanosystems have recently increased, as they become platforms providing pharmacokinetic and formulation design efficiency without posing security problems [91]. CDs are also generating interest for gene therapy and exploration of non-viral methods, probably for the difficulties in viral gene delivery [7]. A new area which is going to increase, is the study of the effects of the environment in the reactivity between CD-guest molecules [115]. The creation of new types of CD is going to enhance due to the wide range of possibilities in the treatments of atherosclerosis, cancer, and degenerative brain disease that are considered lethal disease [160]. CDs will surprise us in the future with not predictable uses [184].

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