Preface

Chapter 8 **Vibration Simulation of Electric Machines 193** Marcel Janda and Kristyna Jandova

**Energy Based Approach Methods 207**

Chapter 10 **Linear Thermo-Poroelasticity and Geomechanics 223**

Vardar and Serkan Saydam

Horacio Florez

**VI** Contents

**Transfer 243** Toshio Tagawa

**Mesh Method 263**

**Singularity 295**

Rukavishnikova

Chapter 9 **Numerically and Analytically Forecasting the Coal Burst Using**

Chapter 11 **Numerical Analysis of the Incompressible Fluid Flow and Heat**

Chapter 12 **Numerical Simulation of Wave (Shock Profile) Propagation of the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky Equation Using an Adaptive**

Chapter 13 **Numerical Analysis on the Simulated Heavy Rainfall Event of**

Chapter 14 **Weighted Finite-Element Method for Elasticity Problems with**

Viktor Anatolievich Rukavishnikov and Elena Ivanovna

**Tropical Cyclone Fung-Wong 277** Lei-Ming Ma and Xu-Wei Bao

Denson Muzadziwa, Stephen T. Sikwila and Stanford Shateyi

Faham Tahmasebinia, Chengguo Zhang, Ismet Canbulat, Onur

During the last decades, the finite element method (FEM) has become a numerical computa‐ tion tool used more and more extensively by engineers. FEM is based on the principle of building complex objects from simple elements or dividing complex objects into smaller parts that can be easily manipulated.

Applications of this simple concept can be easily found in real life and especially in the engi‐ neering domain. Various physical phenomena currently encountered in scientific and engi‐ neering domains can be mathematically described using partial derivative equations. In general, finding the exact solutions of such equations by means of analytical methods is im‐ possible for domains with arbitrary geometry. FEM can be used to obtain approximate solu‐ tions of partial derivative equations. FEM is based on the selection of approximate functions for solving such equations and can be successfully applied in various engineering fields: static or dynamic analyses of solids, fluids, electromagnetic fields, biomechanics, etc.

This book aims to present results of the applicative research performed using FEM in vari‐ ous engineering fields by researchers affiliated to well-known universities. The book has a profound interdisciplinary character and is mainly addressed to researchers, PhD students, graduate and undergraduate students, teachers, engineers, as well as all other readers inter‐ ested in the engineering applications of FEM. I am confident that the readers will find infor‐ mation and challenging topics of high academic and scientific level, which will encourage them to enhance their knowledge in this engineering domain having a continuous expan‐ sion. The applications presented in this book cover a broad spectrum of finite element appli‐ cations starting from mechanical, electrical, or energy production and finishing with the successful simulation of severe meteorological phenomena.

**Dr. Eng. Răzvan Păcurar**

Associate Professor Technical University of Cluj-Napoca Cluj-Napoca, Romania

**Chapter 1**

Provisional chapter

**FEM Analysis of Mechanical and Structural Properties**

This chapter deals with studies of the mechanical properties of samples from long fiberreinforced composite structures that would contribute to the optimization of the developed constructions made of them. First, the basic issues of composite structures reinforced with long fibers (carbon or glass) and generally of composites with the specification of parameters that would lead to the optimization of mechanical properties with respect to the theoretical strength are presented. Further, the possibilities and methods of measurements of composite reinforced with carbon and glass fibers are described. This is followed by the introduction of analytical models for the description of the transversal isotropic composite, where these mathematical relations allow the determination of unknown elastic constants and they are also important for the verification of numerical models. Finally, it is comprehensively outlined the problems of creating a numerical model of advanced composite fibrous structure for determining the mechanical properties, both through the description of the continuum, and complex numerical model with a structural configuration enabling approach to allow closer interaction among fibers and matrix. Compared to the averaged values obtained from experimental samples, numerical simulations show a

similar trend of stress on strain, with results obtained from simulations.

Keywords: FEM, composite structures, testing, mechanical properties, nonlinear

Studies and analyses of mechanical properties of long fiber-reinforced composites provide important information for future lightweight constructions. First of all, it is important to approach the issues and specifics of long fiber-reinforced composite structures to increase the strength and toughness of the resulting structure. The long fiber-reinforced composite structure is typically formed from two dominant components: carrier fiber reinforcement and a

> © The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and eproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2018 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

FEM Analysis of Mechanical and Structural Properties of

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.71881

**of Long Fiber-Reinforced Composites**

Long Fiber-Reinforced Composites

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

Michal Petrů and Ondřej Novák

Michal Petrů and Ondřej Novák

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.71881

Abstract

properties

1. Introduction

Provisional chapter
