**6. References**

332 Novel Aspects on Epilepsy

Our preliminary results were presented and discussed as: "Effect modification of HIVassociated central nervous system diseases by parasitic zoonoses in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa" at 138th APHA Meeting.in Denver, Colorado. United States of

Longer-term benefits of this study included a better understanding of the interaction between HIV and parasitic zoonoses on the development of seizure disorders. If the effects of parasitic zoonoses are more severe in HIV infected patients, future studies could be conducted to assess whether the risk factors for infection are the same in HIV positive and HIV negative patients, and control interventions to reduce the burden of these preventable causes of brain infection could be tested. Given that a very large proportion of HIV patients develops some neurological disorder in the course of their infection, being able to reduce the prevalence of some causes of these disorders would benefit patients themselves and the society as a whole by a reduction of medical costs and potential increase in productivity of these patients, especially in a region in which both HIV infection and parasitic zoonoses are

Poor research capacity often means that there is a misunderstanding of the goals of the research and its ability to be combined with clinical and teaching services. A national political action strikes on campuses across South Africa escalated to violence, forcing the closure of WSU campus among others on four separate occasions. Though the majority of learners expressed their discontent peacefully, a small minority responded with violence. Campus activities were paralyzed on four occasions during the first phase of our study. The majority of the population speaks Isi-Xhosa (95% in ECP). Translations of study materials from English proved difficulties as few references exist containing vocabulary for scientific

There is a lack of knowledge regarding the interactions of HIV and helminthic infections, how their effects on immunological response affect risk of co-infection, and the role of

Our pilot study is well underway and will lead to the development of new hypotheses on

We like to express our gratitude to those veterinarian doctors working in this field particularly: Professors Rosina "Tammi" Krecek, Albert Lee Willingham III, Linda Cowan, Samson Mukaratiwua and other members of our Cysticercosis Working Group for Eastern

Special thanks to Professor Helen Carabin from Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology College of Public Health University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center for

We want to thanks to all radiologists and radiographers from Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital and Inkhosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital in South Africa for their contribution

Many thanks are due to The Cuban Ministry of Health, The Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kouri", authorities of Faculty of Health Sciences, Directorate: Research Development from the Walter Sisulu University and some of mine colleagues from Nelson Mandela

**4.5 Discussion, challenges to date, and conclusions** 

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