**Meet the editors**

Dr. Veeranoot Nissapatorn currently serves as an associate professor at the School of Allied Health Sciences and a coordinator of Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Thailand. She had more than 16-year working experiences at the University of Malaysia, a premier institution in Malaysia. She is actively involved in re-

search and development with more than 100 publications, and her areas of interest are infectious parasitic diseases including epidemiology, clinically relevant, diagnostic challenges, natural products, and health awareness including human and animal aspects. She is an editorial board member of different journals and an active reviewer of over 30 different ISI and Scopus-indexed journals. Furthermore, she has published book chapters and also served as a guest editor, an international invited speaker in various conferences, and a visiting professor.

Dr. Helieh S. Oz has a DVM degree, MS degree (University of Illinois), PhD degree (University of Minnesota), and a clinical translational research certificate (University of Kentucky). She is an active member of the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) and AGA fellow. Dr. Oz is a microbiologist with expertise in infectious, inflammatory diseases, drug discovery, pathogen-

esis, and micronutrients. Dr. Oz has several publications on inflammatory disorders and microbial and infectious diseases including Chagas disease and *Trypanosoma cruzi*. She served as an editor of books, e.g., *Nutrients, Infectious, and Inflammatory Diseases* (2018), special issues such as *Gut Inflammatory, Infectious Diseases, and Nutrition* (*Mediators of Inflammation*) (2018), and *Gastrointestinal Inflammation and Repair: Role of Microbiome, Infection, and Nutrition* (*Gastroenterology Research Practice*). Also, she is an editorial board member of different journals and an avid reviewer of journals.

Contents

**Preface VII**

**Global Impacts 1**

la Cruz Pech-Canul

Ulrike Kemmerling

**Infection 31**

Antonio de Diego-Cabrera

**Section 2 Vector, Epidemiology and Clinical Aspect 49**

Veeranoot Nissapatorn

**Section 1 Biochemistry, Pathophysiology and**

**Histo-immunological Study 7**

Chapter 1 **Introductory Chapter: Chagas Disease and Its**

Frederick R. Masangkay, Giovanni DJ Milanez, Helieh S. Oz and

Chapter 2 **Biochemical, Cellular, and Immunologic Aspects during Early**

Chapter 3 **Antiparasitic Mechanisms of the Human Placenta 21**

Chapter 4 **The Mouse Model as a Tool for Histological, Immunological and Parasitological Studies of Trypanosoma cruzi**

Chapter 5 **Transmitter Insect of Chagas Disease in Northwest Mexico: A**

**Interaction between Trypanosoma cruzi and Host Cell 9** Rosa Lidia Solís-Oviedo, Víctor Monteon, Ruth López and Ángel de

Castillo Christian, Ana Liempi, Lisvaneth Medina, Ileana Carrillo and

María Elena Villagran-Herrera, José Alejandro Martínez-Ibarra, Manuel Sánchez-Moreno, Hebert Luis Hernández-Montiel, Ricardo Francisco Mercado-Curiel, Nicolás Camacho-Calderón and José

**Comparative Study of the Cuticular Hydrocarbons Profile of**
