**6. Conclusion**

Cytokines play critical, essential roles in signaling between cells of the immune system, with a prolific range of regulatory activities including the stimulation, recruitment, activation, destroying, and suppression of immune and nonimmune cells.

[4] Lewis DF, Canzoneri BJ, Wang Y. Maternal circulating TNF-alpha levels are highly correlated with IL-10 levels but not IL-6 and IL-8 levels in women with pre-eclampsia.

Indicators of Preeclampsia in Correlation with Maternal Cytokines in Pregnancy

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.76344

155

[5] Kalkunte S, Nevers T, Norris WE, Sharma S. Vascular IL-10: A protective role in pre-

[6] Tosun M, Celik H, Avci B, Yavuz E, Alper T, Malatyalioglu E. Maternal and umbilical serum levels of interleukin-6. Interleukin −8. and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in normaI pregnancies and in pregnancie complicated by preeclampsia. Journal of Maternal - Fetal

[7] Molvarec A, Szarka A, Walentin S, Beko G, Karádi I, Prohászka Z, Rigó J Jr. Serum leptin levels in relation to circulating cytokines. Chemokines. Adhesion molecules and angiogenic factors in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia. Reproductive Biology and

[8] Bosio PM, PJ MK, Conroy R, O'Herlihy C. Maternal central hemodynamics in hyperten-

[9] Lim KH, Friedman SA, Ecker J, Kao L, Kilpatrick SJ. The clinical utility of serum uric acid measurements in hypertensive diseases of pregnancy. The American Journal of

[10] Makarov IO, Shemanaeva TV, Hasanov SR, Popova OP. Preeclampsia as a manifestation of immune endotheliosis. The Questions of Gynecology. Obstetrics and Perinatology.

[11] Sidorova IS, Gurin OI, Milovanov AP. The pathogenesis of preeclampsia as a manifestation of immune-endothelial pathology (acute immune endothe- liosis). Obstetrics and

[12] Hashii K, Flljiwara S, Yoshioka N, Kataoka S, Yamada T, Hirano T. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulate progesterone production. By luteal cells derived from pregnant and non pregnant women: Possible involement of interleukin −4 and interleukin-10 in corpus luteum function.and dlifferentiation. Human Reproduction. 1998;**13**:2738 [13] Chaouat G, Meliani AA, Martal R, et al. IL-10 prevents naturally occurring fetal loss in the CBA 3 DBA/2 mating combination and local defect in IL-10 production in this abortion -prone combination is corrected by in vivo injection of IFN-γ. The Journal of

[14] Delassus S, Coutinho C, Saucier S, Darehe Kourilsky P. Differential cytoxine expression maternal blood and placenta during muringestation. The Journal of Immunology.

[15] Athanassakis I, Iconomidou B. Cytokine production in the serum and spleen of mice from day 6 to 14 of gestation: Cytokine/placenta/spleen/serum. Developmental Immunology.

American Journal of Repirodnctive lmmunology. 2009;**5**:269-274

sive disorders of pregnancy. Obstet Gynecollogy. 1999;**94**:978-984

eclampsia. Journal of Reproductive Immunology; **88**:165-169

and Neonatal Medicine. 2010;**23**:880-886

Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1998;**178**:1067-1071

Endocrinology. 2011;**9**:124-133

2009;**6**:17-22

1994;**152**:2411

1996;**4**:247

Gynecology. 2008;**6**:13-17

Immunology. 1995;**154**:4261-4268

Analyzing cytokines at the end of pregnancy, last trimester complicated with preeclampsia, is useful. The moderate phase can be considered a critical stage in preeclampsia that comes to the most functional strain homeostatic system.
