Chapter 8 **Development of PVA/Fe3O4 as Smart Magnetic Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications 159**

Malik Anjelh Baqiya, Ahmad Taufiq, Sunaryono, Munaji, Dita Puspita Sari, Yanurita Dwihapsari and Darminto

#### Chapter 9 **Hyaluronic-Based Antibacterial Hydrogel Coating for Implantable Biomaterials in Orthopedics and Trauma: From Basic Research to Clinical Applications 179**

Giammona Gaetano, Pitarresi Giuseppe, Palumbo Fabio Salvatore, Maraldi Susanna, Scarponi Sara and Romanò Carlo Luca

Preface

Hydrogels are swollen polymer networks holding water in their structures. By definition, water must constitute at least 10% of the total weight (or volume) for a material to be a hy‐ drogel. However, hydrogels are capable to retain 90% water in their structure. Due to their high water holding capacity, hydrogels have potential applications in processes ranging from industrial to biological fields. Some of the more focused fields include oil reserve treat‐ ment, tissue engineering, implants and controlled drug release. Literature on these subjects is expanding. Recently, hydrogels have been explored as potential plugs to control the ani‐ sotropic permeability profile of heterogeneous oil reservoirs. Drug delivery systems and tis‐ sue engineering implants are the other most studied areas, where hydrogels have been used as 3D materials in dried form. Nonetheless, hydrogels are unique materials and there is al‐ ways space for more research. A number of original papers, reviews, monographs and tech‐ nical reports are focusing on the technological aspects of hydrogels to make them more acceptable as a multidisciplinary material. With its distinguished editor and an international team of contributors, the book *Hydrogels* is an outstanding reference for academia, industry

**Dr. Sajjad Haider**

College of Engineering King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia **Dr. Adnan Haider**

KPK, Kohat, Pakistan

Chemical Engineering Department

Kohat University of Science and Technology

and regenerative medicine and environment research scientists.
