**Section 3 Low Carbon Air Conditioning Systems 97**

Chapter 5 **Introduction of Low-Carbon Community Energy Systems by Combining Information Networks and Cogeneration-Type District Heating and Cooling Systems 99** Yujiro Hirano, Shogo Nakamura, Kei Gomi, Takuya Togawa, Tsuyoshi Fujita and Makoto Ooba

Preface

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system is one of the major energy consumers in modern buildings (40–70% of the energy consumption in commercial buildings). The demand of energy for air conditioning systems is expected to increase further in the next decades due to the population growth, the technological advancements, the new economic boom, the urbanization development, and the increase in the living standards. The increase in energy demand leads to increased greenhouse gas emissions associated with the burning of fossil fuels and contributes to global warming. More energyefficient and renewable energy-based air conditioning systems to accomplish space cooling are needed. This book intends to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art in sustainable air conditioning technologies and focus on the most recent research and development on green air conditioning systems including energy-efficient and renewable energy-based air conditioning systems. The book is divided in three sections: (1) "Solar Air Conditioning Systems," (2) "Absorption

and Adsorption Air Conditioning Systems," and (3) "Low-Carbon Air Conditioning Systems."

tems (Renewable Energy-Based Desiccant Cooling Systems)."

energy challenges facing the humanity.

The first section of this book related to the integration of solar energy in the air conditioning systems has two chapters: (1) "Solar Air Conditioning Systems" and (2) "Solar-Assisted HVAC Systems with the Integration of Phase Change Materials (PCM). The second section about the absorption and adsorption air conditioning systems has two chapters: (1) "Design and Construction for Hydroxide-Based Air Con‐ ditioning System with Solar Collector for Confined Roofs (Suitable Devices for the Operation of Air Conditioning Absorption System Based on Hydroxide)" and (2) "Adsorption Refrigeration Technolo‐ gies." The last section about low-carbon air conditioning systems has two chapters: (1) "Introduction of Low-Carbon Community Energy Systems by Combining Information Networks and Cogeneration-Type District Heating and Cooling Systems" and (2) "Renewable and Sustainable Air Conditioning Sys‐

The integration of renewable energy systems, sustainable and alternative fuels, energy-efficient innova‐ tions, and low-carbon refrigerants in the HVAC systems will help to reduce the high energy demand for modern buildings, reduce the greenhouse gas emissions, and provide potential solutions to the biggest

**Chaouki Ghenai, Associate Professor**

**Tareq Salameh, Assistant Professor**

College of Engineering

College of Engineering

Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department (SREE)

Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department (SREE)

Member of the Sustainable Energy Development Research Group

Sustainable Energy Development Research Group Coordinator

Research Institute of Science and Engineering (RISE) University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

Research Institute of Science and Engineering (RISE) University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

#### Chapter 6 **Renewable and Sustainable Air Conditioning 121** Muhammad Mujahid Rafique and Shafiqur Rehman
