**6. Energy simulations**

people to save electricity proactively during power shortages, thereby voluntarily adjusting the supply and demand balance and reducing or shifting power peaks. Furthermore, through incentives such as community energy conservation campaigns and provision of information regarding power usage for each household, community energy supply and demand can be

A community energy conservation campaign has already been implemented using this information system, contributing to improved awareness of energy conservation and a more engaged community. This energy conservation campaign also demonstrates implementation of energy conservation activities; effective results were obtained regarding the provision of

energy conservation information and added economic incentives for residents [25].

improved, and actual energy conservation activity can be measured.

**Figure 8.** Example of the energy display on a Shinchi Life Assist Tablet.

110 Sustainable Air Conditioning Systems

**Figure 9.** Example of power monitoring results.

Energy simulations were used to calculate electricity and gas consumption, which is the core component of fuel costs in energy service businesses. The input conditions for the energy simulation are summarized below.

#### **6.1. Simulation model and energy demand data**

In this simulation, input data were provided, and we calculated the load allotment of various heat sources based on input data and the setting of the driving order. Next, we calculated city gas and electricity consumption based on the coefficient of performance (COP) of the heat source equipment, efficiency data, and so on. Based on this result, we calculated the energy savings, CO2 reductions, and running costs for this system. The calculation for the flow of energy simulation is shown in **Figure 10**.

The estimate for energy demand was based on the consumption rates that were selected during the master plan investigation (**Tables 2** and **3**). In turn, these calculated consumption rates were based on reference materials from past studies, hearings, and estimates made for existing similar facilities (please refer to the master plan report for details).

#### **6.2. Estimation of energy demand**

The energy demand in each period is different because the expected opening date for each facility varies. The energy demand for each operating period is summarized below.

#### *6.2.1. Standard: after all facilities are in operation*

Values shown below are estimates of the demand in the standard scenario. The construction of the energy system and evaluation of the net profit are based on these values (**Table 4**).

*6.2.2. Early phase 1: early phase of project start*

**Table 2.** Maximum energy demand consumption rate.

*6.2.3. Early phase 2: public facilities open*

tabulated (**Table 6**).

periods described above.

are in operation, was calculated as shown in **Table 5**.

**6.3. Estimation of energy consumption and CO2**

**Table 3.** Annual energy demand consumption rate.

The energy demand in the early phases of the project, when only the hotel and bath facility

**Facility Electricity Cooling Heating Hot water**

**] [kJ/m2**

**·h]**

Introduction of Low-Carbon Community Energy Systems by Combining Information Networks…

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.75129

113

**[W/m2**

Agricultural plant 5 — 249 — Tourist farm 37 357 268 — Sports facility 11 — — — Hotel 31 472 369 300 Hot bath facility 35 174 247 213 Community center 20 418 322 — Incubation square 37 357 268 —

The energy demand, when the public facilities (community center, incubation square, and sports facility) were open, 3 months after the beginning of the project, was estimated and

The energy consumption (including electricity, natural gas, and water and sewage requirements) of the system was calculated through an energy simulation for each of the operation

**] [MJ/m2**

**Facility Electricity Cooling Heating Hot water**

**[kWh/m2**

Agricultural plant 9 — 320 — Tourist farm 115 295 56 — Sports facility 26.5 — — — Hotel 183 366 200 420 Hot bath facility 120 232 238 638 Community center 63 385 260 — Incubation square 115 295 56 —

 **emissions**

**·year]**

**Figure 10.** Calculation for the flow of energy simulation.

Introduction of Low-Carbon Community Energy Systems by Combining Information Networks… http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.75129 113


**Table 2.** Maximum energy demand consumption rate.

**6.2. Estimation of energy demand**

112 Sustainable Air Conditioning Systems

*6.2.1. Standard: after all facilities are in operation*

**Figure 10.** Calculation for the flow of energy simulation.

The energy demand in each period is different because the expected opening date for each

Values shown below are estimates of the demand in the standard scenario. The construction of the energy system and evaluation of the net profit are based on these values (**Table 4**).

facility varies. The energy demand for each operating period is summarized below.

#### *6.2.2. Early phase 1: early phase of project start*

The energy demand in the early phases of the project, when only the hotel and bath facility are in operation, was calculated as shown in **Table 5**.

#### *6.2.3. Early phase 2: public facilities open*

The energy demand, when the public facilities (community center, incubation square, and sports facility) were open, 3 months after the beginning of the project, was estimated and tabulated (**Table 6**).

#### **6.3. Estimation of energy consumption and CO2 emissions**

The energy consumption (including electricity, natural gas, and water and sewage requirements) of the system was calculated through an energy simulation for each of the operation periods described above.


**Table 3.** Annual energy demand consumption rate.


**Table 4.** Annual energy demand (standard).

The calculated results are shown in **Figure 11**.

CO2 emissions were calculated based on the simulated energy consumption under standard conditions after all facilities are operational. For comparison, CO2 emissions were calculated for a case in which conventional systems were introduced in the individual buildings. The results show that a CO2 reduction of about 20% can be expected by introducing the community energy system (**Figure 12**).
