**Author details**

Bola Lukman Solanke

Address all correspondence to: modebolasolanke@gmail.com

Department of Demography and Social Statistics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

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**Chapter 7**

**Provisional chapter**

**Family Planning and Fertility Decline in Africa: From**

The study analyzes the links between family planning programs, contraceptive prevalence and fertility trends in sub-Saharan Africa. It is based on case studies of countries with demographic surveys. The study reveals a variety of situations. Some countries have completed their fertility transition, while others have reduced their fertility level rapidly in urban areas, but less so in rural areas. In some countries, fertility remained very high, or declined very little, in rural areas, when population policies and family planning programs remained insufficient or almost non-existent. The role of family planning programs in fertility decline is highlighted by contrasting countries with similar characteristics, one of which experiencing a sharp drop in fertility, while the other one is showing a small decline or no decline at all. In each case, the political, economic, and social context is presented in order to explain the differences between family planning programs and their outcomes. These case studies make it possible to draw conclusions about the condi-

**Keywords:** population policy, family planning, contraception, fertility trends, demographic transition, political environment, economic conditions, social situations,

**Family Planning and Fertility Decline in Africa: From** 

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.71029

© 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution,

© 2018 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use,

distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

The demographic transition is a universal phenomenon induced by new behaviors associated with economic development, technical progress, social change and population pressure. The decline in mortality creates an imbalance, unsustainable in the long run, which requires a decline in fertility in order to restore the demographic balance. In Europe and in countries of European settlement in North America and the Pacific, the fertility transition has been the result of individual initiatives, without state intervention, that is changing behavior of

**1950 to 2010**

**1950 to 2010**

Michel Garenne

**Abstract**

**1. Introduction**

Michel Garenne

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

tions of fertility control in African countries.

demographic and health surveys (DHS), sub-Saharan Africa

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.71029


**Provisional chapter**
