Preface

Chapter 7 **Soft Sediment Deformation Structures Triggered by the**

**during the Main Tectonic Movements 103** Bizhu He, Xiufu Qiao, Haibing Li and Dechen Su

**Western India 131**

**VI** Contents

Chapter 8 **Evolution of Drainage in Response to Brittle - Ductile Dynamics and Surface Processes in Kachchh Rift Basin,**

> Girish Ch Kothyari, Ajay P. Singh, Sneha Mishra, Raj Sunil Kandregula, Indu Chaudhary and Gaurav Chauhan

**Earthquakes: Response to the High Frequent Tectonic Events**

This book is devoted to different aspects of tectonic researches. New results and interpreta‐ tions are presented here for diverse tectonic settings. Most of the chapters include up-to-date materials of detailed geological investigations, often combined with geophysical data, which can help understand more clearly the essence of mechanisms of different tectonic processes.

One half of the chapters are devoted to the evolution of tectonic processes of different re‐ gions. The chapter of M. Kanao and V.D. Suvorov "Seismological Implication to the Tectonic Evolution of the Lützow-Holm Bay Region, East Antarctica" dedicates to the problem for‐ mation of lithospheric mantle anisotropy considered with upwelling of the mantle plume associated with Gondwana breakup using teleseismic events that demonstrated heterogene‐ ous structure in the studied region. A close examination of the problems is discussed in the chapter by G. Arzadún et al. "Tectonic Insight in the Southwest Gondwana Boundary Based on Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility," however, from another position. Problems of tec‐ tonic locality of Bureja-Jziamusy superterrane (Mongol-Okhotsk orogenic belt) in the late Mesozoic-Cenozoic Era are covered in the chapter of I. Derbeko and tectonics and metallog‐ eny of East Kazakhstan in the chapter of B. Dyachkov and his colleagues.

The second half of the chapters have to deal with different aspects of tectonic events. The chapter of Mingliang Liang represents a discussion on the influence of the detachment struc‐ tural deformation on pore structure evolution in shale on the western of the Xuefeng Moun‐ tain, South China. Girish Ch Kothyari with his coauthors dealt with the problem of evolution of drainage in response to brittle-ductile dynamics and surface processes in Kachchh Rift Ba‐ sin, Western India, and shows that the faults there are well connected at a deeper level and generated negative flower structures, significantly controlling the surface fluvial dynamics. According to Bizhu He et al., soft sediment deformation structures, triggered by the modern earthquakes observed in China, are the very likely response to the high-frequent tectonic events during the main tectonic movements. Prof. Yasuto Itoh covered the problem of the post-opening deformation history of the Japan Sea back-arc basin and shows that tectonic processes on an active margin are governed by the mode of plate convergence.

> **Prof. Evgenii V. Sharkov** Institute Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrology, Mineralogy and Geochemistry Moscow, Russia

**Chapter 1**

**Provisional chapter**

**Seismological Implication to the Tectonic Evolution of**

Passive source studies using teleseismic events demonstrated heterogeneous structure in the Lützow-Holm Bay (LHB) region, East Antarctica. Depth variations of upper mantle discontinuities (410 and 660 km) were derived from long-period receiver functions by local array stations. Shallow depths in topography of upper mantle discontinuity were cleared beneath the continental ice sheet back azimuth. These results reflect a paleoupwelling of the mantle plume associated with Gondwana breakup. Lithospheric mantle anisotropy derived by shear waves' (SKS) splitting anticipated a relationship between "fossil" anisotropy and the past tectonics in NE-SW orientation. Origin of mantle anisotropy was assumed to be caused by supercontinent assembly rather than present asthenospheric flow parallel with absolute plate motion. The deep seismic surveys by active sources, moreover, were carried out over continental ice sheet and provided clear information on crust-mantle boundary, together with inner lithospheric mantle reflections. The extracted lithospheric cross-sectional images by seismic reflection analyses implied

**Seismological Implication to the Tectonic Evolution of** 

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.71972

© 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution,

© 2018 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use,

distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

East Antarctic continent consists of several geological terrains as resultant of amalgamation and breakup of Rodinia and Gondwana [1, 2]. In wide areas of Western Enderby Land-Eastern Dronning Maud Land, inside the East Antarctica, several geological complexes are adjacent to each other from East to West: the Napier (Archaean), the Rayner (late Proterozoic), the Lützow-Holm (early Paleozoic), and the Yamato-Belgica (early Paleozoic) (**Figure 1**) [3–5]. Combined with other Gondwana component continents such as Africa, India, and Australia,

**the Lützow-Holm Bay Region (East Antarctica)**

tectonic influence of compressive stress during Pan-African age.

Gondwana supercontinent, tectonic evolution

**Keywords:** upper mantle structure, Lützow-Holm Bay region, East Antarctica,

**the Lützow-Holm Bay Region (East Antarctica)**

Masaki Kanao and Vladimir D. Suvorov

Masaki Kanao and Vladimir D. Suvorov

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.71972

**Abstract**

**1. Introduction**

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

**Provisional chapter**
