**4.1. Critique of methodology**

In a classical sense, educational institutions, such as universities, first assume the function of knowledge transfer. Thus, it is necessary to make *market knowledge and market competences* accessible to economic actors. It is therefore all the more important to have a sound knowledge of trade and traffic flows, economic and social policy, and the legal framework, especially as a result of the clearly no longer delimited economic boundaries. The knowledge of the macroeconomic environment has put the players in a position to critically develop, imple-

Another essential element is the ability to *work and cooperate internationally*. Numerous nations would participate in the newly emerging or strengthened markets by means of a Fehmarn-Belt Fixed Link, which particularly in industries such as logistics and tourism requires appro-

To achieve this, *intercultural competencies* are of the essence. Even in seemingly comparatively homogeneous spaces such as the Fehmarn-Belt region, there are clear cultural differences that affect business life and can be a key factor in determining the success or failure of economic relations.

In a fundamental sense, *language skills* are also necessary. In addition to English as a lingua franca, the importance of German and Scandinavian languages is obvious. Due to the numerous customer relationships among the industries under investigation, it is clear that profound

Another important aspect is *networking skills*. This is true in both digital and analogue respects. While the importance of communication will not decline on a personal level, an additional intensification of digital networks will be indispensable. Accordingly, economic actors must

In this context, *digital literacy* is also to be mentioned. Today, it is impossible to imagine working without information technology in everyday life. However, since the use of the resulting possibilities is always limited by the human factor, competence development in this area is

In general, in the face of increasing complexity and growing interdependencies, the training and honing of *critical and analytical thinking* are indispensable. As stated above, it is still the human being that—regardless of digital possibilities and developments—defines basic goals

In summary, it can be said that education institutions in the future will still be concerned with the transfer of knowledge, but more and more specific competencies and skills will come to the fore. It is only in this way that it is possible to master the challenges arising from new

On the one hand, the previous section have shown influencing developments, digitally and spatially. On the other hand, Porter's Five Forces have been used to analyze the threats and

potentials of the new mobility of commodities and tourists in the area.

ment, and evaluate company strategies.

216 Mobilities, Tourism and Travel Behavior - Contexts and Boundaries

knowledge is indispensable here.

be prepared to use them sensibly and avail trends.

highly promising in order to gain competitive advantages.

priate competences.

and strategies.

(physical or digital) spaces.

**4. Discussion of the results**

In this article, the industry structure analysis is used to paint a picture of future competences in the new emerging market of the Fehmarn Belt Fixed Link Area. So the competences listed in this article (see Section **3.3**) were deduced from this analysis, theories of spatial development, and trends in digitization.

To verify/falsify and thereby clarify the suggested profiles of future managers in the areas of logistics and tourism in the future Fehmarn-Belt Fixed Link region, deeper analysis is required. For instance, job advertisements for companies in the area could be analyzed to survey required competences quantitatively. Managers of companies in the region could be interviewed qualitatively about their view as experts who already conduct business in the area before the fixed link is build. What are their expectations, concerns, and ideas for future development of their company regarding the change caused by the fixed link? Coming from this analytic point of view, this article offers opportunities for further investigation.
