1. Introduction

The chickpea crop is the second most important grain of the family Fabaceae grown in Asia, Mediterranean regions, Australia, Canada, USA, and Africa [1]. Globally, the chickpea is planted on an area of nearly 12 million hectares with an approximate production of 11,308,684 tons. This crop develops during the winter under different agroclimatic conditions; its production in Mexico is 271,894 tons annually, of which Sinaloa and Sonora generate 70 and 20%, respectively. Most of it is destined for the international market [2]. Chickpea is an important crop for Sinaloa due to the harvested area, volume, and quality of grain produced over an area of 60,000 hectares, with an average yield of 1.7 tons per hectare [3].

The study of the biological activity of some compounds present in plants offers an opportunity to discover new and efficient insecticides for pest control [4, 5] which could be tolerated by crops and harmless to consumer; different researches have been observed and reported the insecticidal action of different plant extracts [6–8]. The objective of this research was to determine the efficacy of biorational insecticides to sustainably control the leaf miner (Liriomyza sativae Blanchard) without totally inhibiting the presence of the parasitoids of this pest in chickpea cultivation.

On the other hand, beans is one of the most sown and consumed legumes in Mexico. During the 2014–2015 agricultural cycle, 220,263 ha was sown at the state of Sinaloa, 58,550 ha, to be placed in the first place in terms of sowing and harvesting of this grain [9]. Bean is one of the essential foods for the world population, which makes necessary the conservation and protection of this grain against various factors that affect it, within these stands the importance of the Mexican weevil (Zabrotes subfasciatus Boheman, Coleoptera: Bruchidae) of the bean. The larva feeds on grain and causes severe damage and decreases the germinative power of the seed, by considerably damaging the cotyledons, on which the damages by oviposition and the perforations that are the feeding chambers of these insects can be observed [10, 11].

Storage pests are one of the most important problems in storage of grains and seeds, if they are not controlled in a timely manner, and cause direct damages that affect the conservation of the grain. Likewise, they cause damages indirectly when they are invaded by various microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria that contaminate them, which can cause problems in humans when consumed. There are few products that can be used reliably for stored grains for pest control, mainly insecticides and fumigants that are not very persistent in Mexico and in the world, which makes it necessary to seek more alternatives to reduce the damages that cause the pests of stored grains, which do not affect the environment and human health. At the global level, different alternatives for the control of storage pests have been tested. These include treatments based on heat and cold; the use of plant extracts and mineral substances; pheromones; biological control; and the use of chemicals that are preferably under residual power and do not cause effects on grains, seeds, and consumers [12–15].
