Preface

Chapter 9 **Physical Properties of Porous Pure and Zr/Sn-Doped Nanocrystalline BaTiO3 Ceramics 147**

Chapter 10 **Mechanical Properties of Porous Ceramics 171**

Chapter 11 **Shock Compression of Porous Ceramics 201**

Yin Yu and Hongliang He

**VI** Contents

Umaru Ahmadu, Alhassan Muazu and Sadiq Umar

Vânia Regina Salvini, Victor C. Pandolfelli and Dirceu Spinelli

Porous ceramics are now expected to be adopted for a wide range of industrial applications such as lightweight structures, membranes, heat insulators, scaffolds and support structures of catalyst applications. During the last decade, tremendous efforts have been devoted for the researches on innovative processing technologies of porous ceramics, resulting in better control over porous structures and significant improvements of the properties. Generally, porous ceramics have good properties such as high mechanical strength, low density, chem‐ ical and thermal stability, abrasion resistance, and high thermal shock resistance. Further‐ more, permeability is one of the most important properties of porous ceramics for filters because this property directly relates to the pressure drop during filtration. Thus, the devel‐ opment of porous ceramics requires sufficient mechanical and chemical stability as well as permeability. This book, however, focuses on preparation, structures, properties, and testing of porous ceramic materials.

This book is proposed to share recent research and knowledge related to porous ceramics and it consists of 11 chapters. Chapter 1 is an introduction of this book; it briefly explains the introduction to porous ceramics. Chapter 2 introduces novel biomaterials utilizing porous bone-like apatite coating formation by using apatite nuclei, and Chapter 3 presents the ce‐ ramic foams process by using foaming technology. Chapter 4 discusses the production of porous ceramic sensors for hydrocarbon leak detection under diverse environmental condi‐ tions. Chapter 5 shows the research results of synthesized Zn2SnO4 ceramics on their struc‐ ture, morphology, and properties with large open porosity, as well as the results obtained during their solid-state processing optimization.

Chapter 6 explains tailoring of magnetic and structural properties of some spinel ferrites through different fabrication methods. Chapter 7 presents the sintering of porous ceramic by using microwave plasma technique. Chapter 8 deals with the preparation and numerical modeling of ceramic foam insulation for energy-saving applications. Chapters 9, 10, and 11 are related to the physical and mechanical properties of porous ceramic with different objectives such as physical properties of porous barium titanate after doping with zinc and tin oxides, as well as the mechanical properties and shock compression of porous ceramic, respectively.

We hope that the knowledge and objectives of recent research achievements on porous ce‐ ramic that we shared in this book will be useful for researchers, students, engineers, and others that work in this kind of ceramics.

I would like to express my thanks to all authors who contributed their findings related to porous ceramic in this book. Without their expertise and contributions, this book could not have been compiled.

#### **Dr. Uday M. Basheer Al-Naib**

**Chapter 1**

**Provisional chapter**

**Introductory Chapter: A Brief Introduction to Porous**

**Introductory Chapter: A Brief Introduction to Porous** 

Porous ceramics have grown in importance in the industry recently because of their many applications like filters, absorbers, dust collectors, thermal insulation, hot gas collectors, dielectric resonators, bioreactors, bone replacement and automobile engine components [1–4]. Generally, porous ceramics have good properties such as mechanical strength, abrasion resistance, chemical and thermal stability. These porous network ceramic structures also have relatively low density, low mass and low thermal conductivity [5]. Furthermore, permeability is one of the most important properties of porous ceramics for different applications such as membranes because this property directly relates to the pressure drop during filtration. Pore size control is the one key factor in fabrication of porous ceramics [6]. As well as the size of particles and their distribution of the raw materials, manufacturing techniques, types of binder used, distribution of binder and sintering affect the final porosity and pore connectivity important factors that must be considered during the manufacturing of the porous ceramic body. Therefore, the development of porous ceramics research requires sufficient mechanical and chemical stability as well as permeability. This book covers a wide range of topics such as porous ceramic structure and properties, preparation, simulation and fabrication, 3D printer fabrication, porous ceramic composites, honeycombs, membranes, bioceramic, automotive and aerospace porous ceramic.

> © 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2018 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use,

distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Porous ceramics are categorized as those ceramics having high percentage porosity between 20 and 95%. These materials composed of at least two phases like solid ceramic phase, and the gas-filled porous phase [7]. The gas content of these pores usually regulates itself to the environment, as an exchange of gas with the environment is possible through pore channels.

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.74747

**Ceramic**

**1. Introduction**

**Ceramic**

Uday M. Basheer Al-Naib

Uday M. Basheer Al-Naib

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.74747

**2. What are porous ceramics?**

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering UTM Centre for Low Carbon Transport In Cooperation with Imperial College London Institute for Vehicle Systems and Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Skudai Johor Malaysia

#### **Introductory Chapter: A Brief Introduction to Porous Ceramic Introductory Chapter: A Brief Introduction to Porous Ceramic**

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.74747

Uday M. Basheer Al-Naib Uday M. Basheer Al-Naib

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.74747
