**A New Insight into the Development of Novel Anti-Cancer Drugs that Improve the Expression of Mitochondrial Function-Associated Genes A New Insight into the Development of Novel Anti-Cancer Drugs that Improve the Expression of Mitochondrial Function-Associated Genes**

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.71095

Fumiaki Uchiumi, Jun Arakawa, Yutaka Takihara, Motohiro Akui, Hiroshi Hamada and Sei-ichi Tanuma Fumiaki Uchiumi, Jun Arakawa, Yutaka Takihara, Motohiro Akui, Hiroshi Hamada and Sei-ichi Tanuma Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.71095

#### **Abstract**

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106 Mitochondrial Diseases

Recent analyses of the whole genome sequencing data enable us to predict cancer incidence for healthy people at present. In addition, metabolome analyses rediscovered that "cancer is a metabolic disease". Importantly, it has been suggested that mitochondrial dysfunction might precede the metabolic change. In this chapter, we would discuss if "cancer is a transcriptional disease". Analyzing 5′-upstream non-protein-encoding regions of the human mitochondrial function-associated genes, we speculate that mitochondrial functions could be recovered or improved at a transcriptional level. In the near future, novel chemo-/gene-therapies might be applied to treat cancer patient converting cancerous cells into normal differentiated cells.

**Keywords:** cancer, CTCF (CCCTC-binding factor), DNA repair, ETS (E26 transformation specific), gene expression, GGAA, HMGB (High mobility group box), ISG (Interferon stimulated gene), metabolism, mitochondria, NAD+ , PARP inhibitors, poly (ADP-ribosyl) ation, PARP (poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase), transcription, transcription factors, Warburg effect
