**4. Open innovation by teamwork**

This section presents open innovation by teamwork of project managers and stakeholders.

Open innovation is done in teamwork, while closed innovation is done individually.

#### **4.1. Case studies**

In multicultural engineering [15], a few open innovations [16] were tried by teamwork in project management. Some case studies are described in the following paragraphs.

#### *4.1.1. Case 1*

#### *4.1.1.1. Procedures*


Examples of products: a mechanical sensor, controller and actuator on a car for throwing a ping pong gem from the box out of the goal wall without electric power source (**Figure 3**).

**Figure 2.** Courses with slope like hill where model cars run.

Competences in Project Management: A Case Study in Osaka Institute of Technology http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.72338 37

**Figure 3.** Configuration of mechanical position ON-OFF control with position detecting SW.

#### *4.1.2. Case 2*

It seems that repeating while deliberating integration and decentralization like this is useful

In the next section, we will explain the open innovation by team works of project managers, including openly distributed departmental and interdepartmental project management.

This section presents open innovation by teamwork of project managers and stakeholders.

In multicultural engineering [15], a few open innovations [16] were tried by teamwork in proj-

**1.** Awareness of scenario valued for Mechanical Engineering Department team in joint four department of PBL from a symbolic object by subproject management. (Affordance of the

**3.** Support of innovation by main project management and stakeholder management (espe-

Examples of products: a mechanical sensor, controller and actuator on a car for throwing a ping pong gem from the box out of the goal wall without electric power source (**Figure 3**).

Open innovation is done in teamwork, while closed innovation is done individually.

ect management. Some case studies are described in the following paragraphs.

object: Slope course like hill excess as shown in **Figure 2**).

**2.** Proposal of innovation by subproject management.

**Figure 2.** Courses with slope like hill where model cars run.

This may be necessary in the future theme as a distributed optimization problem [14].

for the optimization of the system that does not use the expression.

**4. Open innovation by teamwork**

36 Human Capital and Competences in Project Management

**4.1. Case studies**

*4.1.1. Case 1*

*4.1.1.1. Procedures*

cially for TA).


Examples of products: a set of noncontact feeding coils to transmit and receive the highfrequency power for detecting the goal wall (**Figure 4**).

In the next section, competences in stakeholder management are presented including open innovation.

**Figure 4.** Noncontact feeding twin coil.
