**Transcriptome Sequencing for Precise and Accurate Measurement of Transcripts and Accessibility of TCGA for Cancer Datasets and Analysis**

Bijesh George, Vivekanand Ashokachandran, Aswathy Mary Paul and Reshmi Girijadevi

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.70026

#### **Abstract**

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Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies are now well established and have become a routine analysis tool for its depth, coverage, and cost. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) has readily replaced the conventional array-based approaches and has become method of choice for qualitative and quantitative analysis of transcriptome, quantification of alternative spliced isoforms, identification of sequence variants, novel transcripts, and gene fusions, among many others. The current chapter discusses the multi-step transcriptome data analysis processes in detail, in the context of re-sequencing (where a reference genome is available). We have discussed the processes including quality control, read alignment, quantification of gene from read level, visualization of data at different levels, and the identification of differentially expressed genes and alternatively spliced transcripts. Considering the data that are freely available to the public, we also discuss The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), as a resource of RNA-Seq data on cancer for selection and analysis in specific contexts of experimentation. This chapter provides insights into the applicability, data availability, tools, and statistics for a beginner to get familiar with RNA-Seq data analysis and TCGA.

**Keywords:** RNA-Seq, transcriptome data analysis, NGS data analysis, TCGA
