5. Discussion

The concept of resilience is receiving increasing attention in chronic stress-related diseases. Resilience has been shown in clinical studies to play a protective role in patients with chronic conditions including osteoarthritis, breast and ovarian cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease related to psychosocial dimensional levels. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationships between RNA-RNA interactions and to devise a measure of resilience at the cellular level.

of the whole transcriptome acting locally through RNA-RNA interactions and shifts between accessible and inaccessible stretches of RNA sequence. Described as a network of interactions from semantic analysis of similarity and reverse complementarity, together with the size of a transcript, affect the diffusion of transcripts in a cell, and hence the distribution of RNAs. A measure to represent resilience is proposed as the sum of the component elements (similarity, reverse complementarity, and normalized by total nucleotides) of this transcriptome filter.

Models of RNA Interaction from Experimental Datasets: Framework of Resilience

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.69452

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This work is supported in part by 8U54MD007588, G12MD007602, P50 HL117929, and P30 HL107238 grants from NIH/National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. The content is solely the responsibility of the author and does not necessarily represent official

Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Seftec, Inc.,

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Acknowledgements

Author details

William Seffens

Atlanta, GA USA

References

views of the respective institutions.

Address all correspondence to: wseffens@msm.edu

Molecular Cell Biology. 2017;18(1):18–30

Molecular Biology. 2006;41(1):3–19

#### 5.1. Prospects, challenges, and limitations for resilience measure by variance in RNA-seq

Although research on empirical indicators of robustness and resilience is rudimentary, there is already a fast-growing body of engineering modeling as well as empirical work in ecology. Nonetheless, major challenges remain in developing robust procedures for assessment of the transcriptome. A goal of systems biology is to analyze large-scale multidomain networks to reveal relationships between network structures and their biological function. While generally, it is not feasible to visualize and understand whole networks, a common analysis is to partition the network into subnetworks responsible for specific biological functions. Since biological functions can be carried out by particular groups of molecules, dividing networks into naturally grouped clusters can help investigate the relationships between function and topology of system networks or reveal hidden knowledge behind them. The expression in Eq. (8) for resilience is a measure of the size of network interactions possible within a transcriptome.

#### 5.2. Notion of the transcriptome as an information system

The body of this work considers the transcriptome as an information system modeling a dynamic system. A dynamic system is characterized by two concerns: the static structure and dynamic behavior. The structural elements of dynamic systems are those elements which may be identified from static snapshots of the problem space; while dynamic aspects involve those semantic elements of the system that exist over the time domain. While modeling the static aspects of an information system like RNA expression data, an understanding of the dynamic nature of information systems in the cell is low. Behavioral issues of large information systems are usually complex, consisting of many interactive sessions with the outside environment, tasks like coordination and collaboration among different entities. Dynamic systems can exhibit emergent properties that result from the dynamics, and which cannot be attributed to static structural factors. However, given any real world information system consisting of many multistream interactive processes, emergent properties are usually complex, without a common characteristic structure. Such emergent properties are beginning to be addressed with the transcriptome.
