**Author details**

by Ouattara [63] estimates that harvesting 50% of the leaves of a tree would not significantly

In addition, the most used method of preparation in this study is the decoction (47%). This result is very close to the 42.30% established by N'Guessan et al. [66] and equals the 47% found by Mehdioui and Kahouadji [60]. On the other hand, it is very much higher compared to the 32.94% reported by Adjanohoun and Aké Assi [64]. As for the mode of administration of the drugs, the buccal absorption is solicited to 82%. If this mode is similarly reported in other studies, its value is far superior to that of N'Guessan et al. [66] which indicate 48.97%, to that of 32.35% established by Ouattara [63] or of 27.06% indicated by Adjanohoun and Aké

Ornamental horticulture that incorporates the cultivation of medicinal plants could reduce the pressure on the medicinal plant species most used in traditional pharmacopeia. In the case of rare, threatened or overexploited plants for commercialization, cultivation is the only way to obtain the necessary plant quantities without further compromising the survival of these

More than 600 species divided into 20 Pteridophyta, 17 Gymnosperms, and 575 Angiosperms are the constituent elements of Togo ornamental flora taxonomically predominated by dicotyledonous with *Rubiaceae* and *Annonaceae* as preferential families. Among the monocotyledonous, the strongly represented families are *Araceae* and *Liliaceae*. These species are diverse across continents and over 82% are exotic to Africa. They are classified on the one hand, according to the ornamental organs, in particular the leaves, the flowers, the pace or the port, and the fruits and, on the other hand, depending on the place of use as an interior garden (apartment and balconies), outdoor garden (lawns, massifs, siding, and hedges), and alignment plants along streets and avenues. Depending on the presence or not of these plants and their diversity in a dwelling, a social stratification can be envisaged. Of the species listed, 77 clustered in 39 botanical families are used as medicinal plants. The most representative families in terms of specific richness are *Apocynaceae*, *Fabaceae*, *Euphorbiaceae*, *Liliaceae*, *Arecaceae,* and *Verbenaceae*. This study revealed that 49% of the listed species are used against diseases of the digestive

**1.** Apart from decorative and medicinal use, horticultural species are used for other purposes especially in traditional therapeutics. Despite advances in therapeutics, there is room for new medications for poorly tolerated or accustomed active substances, for new or emerging microbial strains or for disarming against a number of mainly tropical diseases. The exploration of the resources of the vegetable and horticultural world remains current. The wild destruction of forests deprives humankind of a source of material essential for the discovery of new molecules necessary for the development of future medicines. Is crop production in ornamental horticulture not a panacea to this destruction and to the *in situ* or *ex situ* conservation of overexploited species and put in a situation of threats or even disappearance?

affect its survival.

222 Selected Studies in Biodiversity

Assi [64].

species [67].

**13. Conclusion**

system and 17% for dermatoses.

Radji Raoufou\* and Kokou Kouami

\*Address all correspondence to: pradji@hotmail.com

Laboratory of Forest Research, Faculty of Science, University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
