**A. Appendix**

#### **Checklist of the Chilean species of Alstroemeria**

Accepted names were written in **bold**, synonyms in *italics*. Names written in normal fonts corresponds to those whose acceptance or status has not yet been clarified. (**E**) = Endemic to Chile. (**N**) = Native.

	- **a.** subsp. *venustula* (Phil.) Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 74. 1987 = **Alstroemeria andina** Phil. var. **venustula** (Phil.) Muñoz-Schick, Not. Mens. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. 352: 22. 2003.
	- **b.** var. **andina** (**E**)
	- **c.** var. **venustula** (Phil.) Muñoz-Schick, Not. Mens. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. 352: 22. 2003. (**N**)
	- **a.** subsp. *velutina* Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 165. 1987.
	- **b.** var. *acuminata* Herb., Amaryllidaceae 97. 1837=**Alstroemeria angustifolia** var. **angustifolia**
	- **c.** var. **angustifolia** (**E**)
	- **d.** var. *conferta* Herb., Amaryllidaceae 97. 1837 =**Alstroemeria angustifolia** var. **angustifolia**
	- **e.** var. *intermedia* Herb., Amaryllidaceae 97. 1837 = **Alstroemeria angustifolia** var. **angustifolia**

**Acknowledgements**

252 Selected Studies in Biodiversity

for technical support.

**Checklist of the Chilean species of Alstroemeria**

**4. Alstroemeria andina** Phil., Linnaea 29: 69. 1858.

**5. Alstroemeria angustifolia** Herb., Amaryllidaceae 96. 1837.

Hist. Nat. 352: 22. 2003.

**b.** var. **andina** (**E**)

**c.** var. **angustifolia** (**E**)

**angustifolia**

**A. Appendix**

Chile. (**N**) = Native.

We gratefully acknowledge the Curators and Director of the Herbarium CONC for providing access to the studied specimens. This work was supported by the projects Fondecyt 1130349 "Morphological, molecular and cytogenetic overview of some species complexes of the genus *Alstroemeria* in Chile" and VRID-ENLACE 217.111.063-1.0 "Integrative taxonomy in the genus *Alstroemeria* L. (Alstroemeriaceae): The use of morphological, colorimetric, cytological and molecular approaches on several Chilean complexes". We acknowledge Nicolás Villalobos

Accepted names were written in **bold**, synonyms in *italics*. Names written in normal fonts corresponds to those whose acceptance or status has not yet been clarified. (**E**) = Endemic to

**2.** *Alstroemeria albiflora* C. Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1(2): 121. 1827 = **Alstroemeria pallida** Graham

**3.** *Alstroemeria amoena* Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 248. 1796 = *Alstroemeria pelegrina* L.

**a.** subsp. *venustula* (Phil.) Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 74. 1987 = **Alstroemeria andina** Phil. var. **venustula** (Phil.) Muñoz-Schick, Not. Mens. Mus. Nac.

**c.** var. **venustula** (Phil.) Muñoz-Schick, Not. Mens. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. 352: 22. 2003. (**N**)

**b.** var. *acuminata* Herb., Amaryllidaceae 97. 1837=**Alstroemeria angustifolia** var. **angustifolia**

**d.** var. *conferta* Herb., Amaryllidaceae 97. 1837 =**Alstroemeria angustifolia** var. **angustifolia**

**e.** var. *intermedia* Herb., Amaryllidaceae 97. 1837 = **Alstroemeria angustifolia** var.

**a.** subsp. *velutina* Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 165. 1987.

**1. Alstroemeria achirae** Muñoz-Schick & Brink, Gayana, Bot. 57(1): 56. 2000 (**E**)

	- **a.** var. *valparadisiaca* Herb., Amaryllidaceae 98. 1837 **= Alstroemeria ligtu** L. subsp. **simsii** (Spreng.) Ehr. Bayer

**27.** *Alstroemeria diazii* auct. Non Phil., Fl. Patagonica 2: 162. 1969 = **Alstroemeria presliana** Herb. subsp. **presliana**

**c.** subsp. **maculata** Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 153. 1987 (**E**)

**e.** subsp. **sansebastiana** C.M. Baeza & E. Ruiz, Gayana, Bot. 68(2): 313. 2011 (**E**)

**44.** Alstroemeria huemulina Ravenna, Phytologia 64(4): 285. 1988

**46.** Alstroemeria jocunda Ravenna, Phytologia 64(4): 284. 1988

**50. Alstroemeria ligtu** L., Pl. Alströmeria 10. 1762.

**47. Alstroemeria kingii** Phil., Anales Univ. Chile 43: 548. 1873 (**E**)

**Alstroemeria ligtu** L. subsp. **splendens** Muñoz-Schick

**53. Alstroemeria lutea** Muñoz-Schick, Gayana, Bot. 57(1): 55. 2000 (**E**)

*Alstroemeria magnifica* Herb. var. *magenta* (Ehr. Bayer) Muñoz-Schick

subsp. **hookeri**

Ruiz & Pav.

**dospathulata** Ehr. Bayer

subsp. **pulchra**

**c.** subsp. **ligtu** (**E**)

Sims subsp. **pulchra**

**sii** (Spreng.) Ehr. Bayer

Graham

**ligtu**

**d.** subsp. **recumbens** (Herb.) Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 149. 1987 (**E**)

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255

**43.** *Alstroemeria hookeriana* Schult., Syst. Veg. 7(1): 733. 1829 = **Alstroemeria hookeri** Lodd.

**45.** *Alstroemeria inconspicua* Phil., Anales Univ. Chile 43: 546. 1783 = **Alstroemeria revoluta**

**48.** *Alstroemeria lacrima-solis* Ravenna, Phytologia 64(4): 283. 1988 **= Alstroemeria pseu-**

**49. Alstroemeria leporina** Ehr. Bayer & Grau, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 18: 222. 1982 (**E**)

**a.** Fm*a. pulchra* (Sims) Voss, Bot. Mag. 50: t. 2421. 1823[1822] = **Alstroemeria pulchra** Sims

**b.** subsp. *incarnata* Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 131. 1987, nom. Illeg. **=** 

**d.** subsp. **simsii** (Spreng.) Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 122. 1987 (**E**) **e.** subsp. **splendens** Muñoz-Schick, Notic. Mens. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. 352: 22. 2003 (**E**)

**g.** var. *pulchra* (Sims) Baker, Handb. Amaryllideae: 139. 1888 = **Alstroemeria pulchra**

**51.** *Alstroemeria ligtu* auct. Non L., Trab. Inst. Bot. Farmacol. 33: 26. 1915 **=** *Alstroemeria aurea*

**52.** *Alstroemeria lothiana* Utinet. J. Jardins Jahrgang 1841: 348. = **Alstroemeria ligtu** subsp.

**54.** *Alstroemeria macreana* Herb., Amaryllidaceae 90. 1837 = **Alstroemeria ligtu** L. subsp. **sim-**

**55. Alstroemeria magenta** Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 191. 1987 =

**f.** var. *andina* Phil., Linnaea 33: 261. 1864 = **Alstroemeria pallida** Graham

	- **a.** subsp. *chrysantha* Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 178. 1987 (**E**) **= Alstroemeria x chrysantha** (Ehr. Bayer) J.M. Watson & A.R. Flores
	- **b.** subsp. **diluta** (**E**)
	- **a.** var. *haemantha* = **Alstroemeria ligtu** L.subsp. **ligtu**
	- **b.** var. *pilosa* Herb., Amaryllidaceae 100. 1837 **= Alstroemeria ligtu** L. subsp. **simsii** (Spreng.) Ehr. Bayer
	- **c.** var. *simsiana* Herb., Amaryllidaceae 99. 1837 = **Alstroemeria ligtu** L. subsp. **simsii** (Spreng.) Ehr. Bayer
	- **a.** subsp. *cummingiana* (Herb.) Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 157. 1987 = **Alstroemeria cummingiana** Herb.
	- **b.** subsp. **hookeri** (**E**)
	- **a.** Fm*a. pulchra* (Sims) Voss, Bot. Mag. 50: t. 2421. 1823[1822] = **Alstroemeria pulchra** Sims subsp. **pulchra**
	- **b.** subsp. *incarnata* Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 131. 1987, nom. Illeg. **= Alstroemeria ligtu** L. subsp. **splendens** Muñoz-Schick
	- **c.** subsp. **ligtu** (**E**)

**27.** *Alstroemeria diazii* auct. Non Phil., Fl. Patagonica 2: 162. 1969 = **Alstroemeria presliana**

**28. Alstroemeria diluta** Ehr. Bayer, Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 178. 1987

**30.** *Alstroemeria epulauquensis* Ravenna, Phytologia 64(4): 283. 1988 = **Alstroemeria presliana**

**34.** *Alstroemeria flos-martini* Ker Gawl., Bot. Reg. 9: t. 731. 1823 = **Alstroemeria pulchra** Sims

**36.** *Alstroemeria gayana* Phil., Linnaea 29: 71. 1857 = **Alstroemeria magnifica** Herb. var. **magnifica**

**b.** var. *pilosa* Herb., Amaryllidaceae 100. 1837 **= Alstroemeria ligtu** L. subsp. **simsii**

**c.** var. *simsiana* Herb., Amaryllidaceae 99. 1837 = **Alstroemeria ligtu** L. subsp. **simsii**

**39.** *Alstroemeria haemantha* auct. Non Ruiz & Pav. = **Alstroemeria ligtu** L. subsp. **simsii**

**40.** *Alstroemeria herbertiana* M. Roem., Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 250. 1847 = **Alstroemeria revo-**

**41.** *Alstroemeria hirtella* Phil., Linnaea 29: 70. 1858, hom. Illeg. **= Alstroemeria leporina** Ehr.

**a.** subsp. *cummingiana* (Herb.) Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 157.

**32.** *Alstroemeria exserens* Meyen, Reise Erde 1: 34. 1834 **= Alstroemeria exerens** Meyen

**33.** *Alstroemeria flava* Phil., Linnaea 33: 263. 1864 = **Alstroemeria ligtu** subsp. **ligtu**

**35. Alstroemeria garaventae** Ehr. Bayer, Gattung Alstroemeria in Chile 60. 1987 (**E**)

**38.** *Alstroemeria haemantha* Ruiz & Pav., Fl. Peruv. 3: 60. 1802 **= Alstroemeria ligtu** L.

**37. Alstroemeria graminea** Phil., Anales Univ. Chile 93: 161. 1896 (**E**)

**a.** var. *haemantha* = **Alstroemeria ligtu** L.subsp. **ligtu**

**42. Alstroemeria hookeri** Lodd., Bot. Cab. 13: t. 1272. 1827

1987 = **Alstroemeria cummingiana** Herb.

**stroemeria x chrysantha** (Ehr. Bayer) J.M. Watson & A.R. Flores

**29.** Alstroemeria discolor Ravenna, Onira 4(10): 44. 2000.

**31. Alstroemeria exerens** Meyen, Reise Erde 1: 34. 1834 (**E**)

**a.** subsp. *chrysantha* Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 178. 1987 (**E**) **= Al-**

Herb. subsp. **presliana**

254 Selected Studies in Biodiversity

**b.** subsp. **diluta** (**E**)

Herb. subsp. **presliana**

subsp. **pulchra**

(Spreng.) Ehr. Bayer

(Spreng.) Ehr. Bayer

(Spreng.) Ehr. Bayer

**b.** subsp. **hookeri** (**E**)

**luta** Ruiz & Pav.

Bayer & Grau

	- **a.** subsp. *gayana* (Phil.) Ehr. Bayer, Gatt. Alstroemeria Chile 252. 1987[1986] = **Alstroemeria magnifica** Herb. var. **magnifica**

**a.** subsp. **adrianae** J.M. Watson & A.R. Flores, Herbertia 63: 102. 2009[2010] (**E**)

Towards an Integrative Taxonomy of the Genus *Alstroemeria* (Alstroemeriaceae) in Chile:…

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257

**c.** var. **albicans** Muñoz-Schick, Alstroemerias Chile 41. 2003 (**E**)

**76.** Alstroemeria poetica Ravenna, Phytologia 64(4): 285. 1988

**79. Alstroemeria presliana** Herb., Enum. Pl. 5: 773. 1850

**emeria ligtu** subsp. **simsii** (Spreng.) Ehr. Bayer

**d.** var. **maxima** Phil., Linnaea 33: 266. 1864–65 (**E**)

**88. Alstroemeria revoluta** Ruiz & Pav., Fl. Peruv. 3: 59. 1802 (**E**)

**83. Alstroemeria pulchra** Sims, Bot. Mag. 50, t. 2421. 1823[1822]

**77.** Alstroemeria polpaicana Ravenna, Phytologia 64(4): 283. 1988

**78. Alstroemeria polyphylla** Phil., Anales Univ. Chile 93: 160. 1896 (**E**)

**b.** subsp. **australis** Ehr. Bayer, Gatt. Alstroemeria Chile 122. 1987 (**E**)

**80. Alstroemeria pseudospathulata** Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 49. 1987

**81.** *Alstroemeria pulchella* auct. Non L.f. = **Alstroemeria ligtu** subsp. **simsii** (Spreng.) Ehr.

**82.** *Alstroemeria pulchella* L.f. var. *pilosa* Lindl., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 17: t. 1410. 1831 = **Alstro-**

**a.** subsp. **lavandulacea** Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 187. 1987 (**E**)

**84.** *Alstroemeria pygmaea* auct. Non Herb., Svenska Exped. Magell. 3(5): 205. 1901 = **Alstro-**

**85.** *Alstroemeria quillotensis* Herb., Amaryllidaceae 97, t.2., f.2, 1837 = **Alstroemeria ligtu** L.

**86.** *Alstroemeria recumbens* Herb., Amaryllidaceae 97, t.3. 1837 = **Alstroemeria hookeri** Lodd.

**87.** *Alstroemeria reflexa* M. Roem., Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 4: 252. 1847 = **Alstroemeria revo-**

**89.** *Alstroemeria rosea* Hook., Exot. Fl. 3(27): t.181. 1825 = **Alstroemeria hookeri** Lodd. subsp.

**b.** subsp. **maxima** (Phil.) Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 202 t.14, 18.

**b.** subsp. **philippii (E)**

**d.** var. **philippii** (**E**)

**a.** subsp. **presliana** (**N**)

(**N**)

Bayer

1987 (**E**)

**c.** subsp. **pulchra** (**E**)

**emeria patagonica** Phil.

**luta** Ruiz & Pav.

**hookeri**

subsp. **simsii** (Spreng.) Ehr. Bayer

subsp. **recumbens** (Herb.) Ehr. Bayer

	- **a.** fma. *Biflora* Ravenna, Sellowia 19: 34. 1967 = **Alstroemeria patagonica** Phil.
	- **a.** var. *albescens* Herb. Amaryllidaceae 91. 1837. = *Alstroemeria pelegrina* L.

**56. Alstroemeria magnifica** Herb., Bot. Reg. 29: 64. 1843

**meria magnifica** Herb. var. **magnifica**

2003 = **Alstroemeria magenta** Ehr. Bayer

**58.** Alstroemeria magna Ravenna, Phytologia 64(4): 284. 1988

Suppl. 1: 440. 1843 = **Alstroemeria versicolor** Ruiz & Pav.

**62.** Alstroemeria monantha Ravenna, Phytologia 64(4): 286. 1988

**65.** Alstroemeria nidularis Ravenna, Phytologia 64(4): 282. 1988

**pseudospathulata** Ehr. Bayer

**b.** var. **magnifica** (**E**)

256 Selected Studies in Biodiversity

**a.** subsp. *gayana* (Phil.) Ehr. Bayer, Gatt. Alstroemeria Chile 252. 1987[1986] = **Alstroe-**

**c.** var. *magenta* (Ehr. Bayer) Muñoz-Schick, Notic. Mens. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. 352: 22.

**d.** var. **sierrae** (Muñoz) Muñoz-Schick, Notic. Mens. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. 352: 22. 2003 (**E**)

**e.** var. **tofoensis** Muñoz-Schick, Notic. Mens. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. 352: 22. 2003 (**E**)

**60.** *Alstroemeria meyeniana* Schauer, Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur.

**66.** *Alstroemeria nivalis* Phil., Linnaea 29: 69. 1858, hom. Illeg. = **Alstroemeria pallida** Graham

**68.** *Alstroemeria oxyphylla* Ravenna, Phytologia 64(4): 286. 1988, nom. Superfl. = **Alstroemeria** 

**57. Alstroemeria magenta** Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 191. 1987 (**E**)

**59. Alstroemeria marticorenae** Negritto & C.M. Baeza, Syst. Bot. 40(1): 70. 2015 (**E**)

**61. Alstroemeria mollensis** Muñoz-Schick & Brinck, Gayana, Bot. 60(2): 102. 2003 (**E**)

**63.** *Alstroemeria mutabilis* Kunze, Enum. Pl. 5: 777. 1850 **=** *Alstroemeria aurea* Graham

**67.** *Alstroemeria nubigena* Phil., Linnaea 29: 69. 1858 = **Alstroemeria pallida** Graham

**69.** *Alstroemeria pallens* Phil., Linnaea 33: 265. 1864 = **Alstroemeria exerens** Meyen

**a.** fma. *Biflora* Ravenna, Sellowia 19: 34. 1967 = **Alstroemeria patagonica** Phil.

**70. Alstroemeria pallida** Graham, Edinburgh New Philos. J. 344. 1829 (**E**)

**72. Alstroemeria patagonica** Phil., Anales Univ. Chile 84: 160. 1894 (**N**)

**73.** *Alstroemeria paupercula* Phil., Fl. Atacam. 51. = **Alstroemeria violacea** Phil.

**a.** var. *albescens* Herb. Amaryllidaceae 91. 1837. = *Alstroemeria pelegrina* L.

**71. Alstroemeria parvula** Phil., Linnaea 33: 261. 1864 (**E**)

**74.** *Alstroemeria pelegrina* L., Sp. Pl. (ed. 2) 1: 461. 1762 (**E**)

**75. Alstroemeria philippii** Baker, Handb. Amaryllidae 140. 1888

**64.** *Alstroemeria nana* Rendle, J. Bot. 42: 325. 1904 = **Alstroemeria patagonica** Phil.

	- **a.** subsp. **presliana** (**N**)
	- **b.** subsp. **australis** Ehr. Bayer, Gatt. Alstroemeria Chile 122. 1987 (**E**)
	- **a.** subsp. **lavandulacea** Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 187. 1987 (**E**)
	- **b.** subsp. **maxima** (Phil.) Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 202 t.14, 18. 1987 (**E**)
	- **c.** subsp. **pulchra** (**E**)
	- **d.** var. **maxima** Phil., Linnaea 33: 266. 1864–65 (**E**)

**a.** var. **werdermannii** (**E**)

2015.

Ruiz & Pav.

1987(**E**)

Phil.

**Author details**

Concepción, Chile

**References**

2017]

Victor L. Finot<sup>1</sup>

**b.** var. *flavicans* Muñoz-Schick, Gayana, Bot. 57(1): 57, f.3. 2000 = **A. werdermannii** Ehr.

Towards an Integrative Taxonomy of the Genus *Alstroemeria* (Alstroemeriaceae) in Chile:…

**c.** subsp. **flavicans** (Muñoz-Schick) J.M. Watson & A.R. Flores, Fl. Silvestr. Chile 1: 122.

**112.** *Alstroemeria xanthina* Phil., Anales Univ. Chile 43: 546. 1873 **= Alstroemeria versicolor**

**114. Alstroemeria zoellneri** Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 24: 245, t. 143–144.

**115.** *Taltalia graminea* (Phil.) Ehr. Bayer, Sendtnera 5: 7, f. 1–4. 1998 = **Alstroemeria graminea**

, Oscar Toro2

and Pedro Carrasco2

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.71823

259

, Eduardo Ruiz2

1 Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Concepción, Chile

[1] The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. An update of the angiosperm phylogeny group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. Botanical Journal

[2] The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. An update of the angiosperm phylogeny group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV. Botanical Journal

[3] Stevens PF. Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 12, July 2012. [Internet]. 2001. Available from http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/reasearch/APweb [Accessed: Aug 9,

[4] Watson L, Dallwitz MJ. The Families of Flowering Plants: Descriptions, Illustrations, Identification, and Information Retrieval. [Internet]. 1992. Available from: http://www.

delta-intkey.com/angio/www/alstroem.htm [Accessed: July 28, 2017]

2 Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Oceanography, University of

Bayer subsp. **flavicans** (Muñoz-Schick) J.M. Watson & A.R. Flores (**E**)

**113.** Alstroemeria yaelae Ravenna, Phytologia 64(4): 282. 1988

\*, Carlos M. Baeza2

\*Address all correspondence to: vifinot@udec.cl

of the Linnean Society. 2009;**161**:105-121

of the Linnean Society. 2016;**181**:1-20


**a.** var. **werdermannii** (**E**)

**90.** *Alstroemeria rosea* Phil., Sert. Mendoc. Alt. 43. 1871 = **Alstroemeria pallida** Graham

**a.** var. **alba** Muñoz-Schick, Notic. Mens. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. 352: 22. 2003 (**E**)

**92. Alstroemeria schizanthoides** Grau, Ehr. Bayer, Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 18:

**93.** *Alstroemeria sericantha* Schauer, Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Nat. Cut. 19(Suppl. 1): 441.

**94.** *Alstroemeria sierrae* Muñoz, Fl. Silvestr. Chile: 64. 1966 = **Alstroemeria magnifica** Herb.

**95.** *Alstroemeria simsii* Spreng., Syst. Veg. [Sprengel] 2: 80. 1825 = **Alstroemeria ligtu** L. sub-

**96.** *Alstroemeria sotoana* Phil., Anales Univ. Chile 93: 159. 1896 = **Alstroemeria versicolor**

**98.** *Alstroemeria spathulata* auct. Non C. Presl, Fl. Patag. 2: 162. 1969 = **Alstroemeria pseu-**

**100.** *Alstroemeria stenopetala* Phil., Anales Univ. Chile 43: 547. 1873 **=** *Alstroemeria aurea* Graham

**104.** *Alstroemeria tricolor* Hook., Exot. Fl. 1(5): t. 65. 1823 = **Alstroemeria pulchra** Sims subsp.

**107.** *Alstroemeria venustula* Phil., Linnaea 33: 260. 1864 = **Alstroemeria andina** Phil. var. **ve-**

**110.** *Alstroemeria violacea* Knight & Perry, nom. Nud. **= Alstroemeria violacea Phil.**

**111. Alstroemeria werdermannii** Ehr. Bayer, Gatt. Alstroemeria Chile 87. 1986[1987]

**102.** *Alstroemeria tigrina* Phil., Linnaea 29: 68. 1857 = **Alstroemeria versicolor** Ruiz & Pav. **103. Alstroemeria traudliae** J.M. Watson & A.R. Flores, Fl. Sylvestr. Chil. 1: 118. 2015 **(E)**

**97. Alstroemeria spathulata** C. Presl, Reliq. Haenk. 1(2): 122, t.22, f.2., 1827 (**E**)

**99.** Alstroemeria spectabilis Ravenna, Phytologia 64(4): 284. 1988

**101.** Alstroemeria timida Ravenna, Phytologia 64(4): 281. 1988

**105. Alstroemeria umbellata** Meyen, Reise Erde 1: 356. 1835 (**E**) **106.** Alstroemeria venusta Ravenna, Phytologia 64(4): 282. 1988

**108. Alstroemeria versicolor** Ruiz & Pav., Fl. Peruv. 3: 59. 1802 (**E**)

**109. Alstroemeria violacea** Phil., Fl. Atacam. 51. 1860 (**N**)

**91.** Alstroemeria sabulosa Ravenna, Phytologia 64(4): 281. 1988

213. 1982

258 Selected Studies in Biodiversity

Ruiz & Pav.

**pulchra**

**b.** var. **schizanthoides** (**E**)

1843 = **Alstroemeria umbellata** Meyen

var. **sierrae** (Muñoz) Muñoz-Schick

sp. **simsii** (Spreng.) Ehr. Bayer

**dospathulata** Ehr. Bayer

**nustula** (Phil.) Muñoz-Schick


#### **Author details**

Victor L. Finot<sup>1</sup> \*, Carlos M. Baeza2 , Eduardo Ruiz2 , Oscar Toro2 and Pedro Carrasco2

\*Address all correspondence to: vifinot@udec.cl

1 Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Concepción, Chile

2 Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Oceanography, University of Concepción, Chile

#### **References**


[5] Bayer E. *Taltalia*, eine neue Gattung in der Familie der Alstroemeriaceae. Sendtnera. 1998;**5**:5-14

[21] Watson JM, Flores AR. A rare new subspecies and change in rank in *Alstroemeria* L. (Alstroemeriaceae) for taxa narrowly endemic to Chile's Atacama region. Herbertia.

Towards an Integrative Taxonomy of the Genus *Alstroemeria* (Alstroemeriaceae) in Chile:…

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.71823

261

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**Chapter 13**

**Provisional chapter**

**Ecosystem Services Provided by the Little Things That**

**Ecosystem Services Provided by the Little Things That** 

Highest extinction risk and consequently biodiversity loss are predicted to occur in invertebrates, specifically insects, and these declines are expected to cascade onto ecosystem functioning and human well-being. Although this knowledge is intrinsically present in more traditional communities, in more urban environments, mapping ecosystem services can be an important tool to raise people's awareness on the importance of preserving insect diversity. After an extensive revision of the available literature, we used a rule-based approach to assess the provisioning, regulating and maintenance, and cultural services delivered by insects. We followed the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES) and identified several potential indicators that may help underpin the mapping and valuation of the services delivered by insects. From our search, we extracted a total of 73 indicators, divided as 17 Provisional indicators, 27 Regulation and Maintenance indicators, and 29 Cultural indicators. We concluded that insects are providers of services in the three major 'Sections' of ecosystem services defined by CICES. Despite the lack of recognition of provisioning and cultural services, the indicators provided may help to raise awareness on the importance of the little things the run the world, in order to preserve traditional and technological uses of insects and

**Keywords:** ecological function, ecosystem services, insects, natural capital, services

© 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2018 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use,

distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.74847

**Run the World**

**Run the World**

Ana I. Lillebø

and Ana I. Lillebø

**Abstract**

their services.

indicators

Olga Maria Correia Chitas Ameixa,

Olga Maria Correia Chitas Ameixa,

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.74847

António Onofre Soares, Amadeu M.V.M. Soares and

António Onofre Soares, Amadeu M.V.M. Soares

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

#### **Ecosystem Services Provided by the Little Things That Run the World Ecosystem Services Provided by the Little Things That Run the World**

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.74847

Olga Maria Correia Chitas Ameixa, António Onofre Soares, Amadeu M.V.M. Soares and Ana I. Lillebø Olga Maria Correia Chitas Ameixa, António Onofre Soares, Amadeu M.V.M. Soares and Ana I. Lillebø

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.74847

#### **Abstract**

Highest extinction risk and consequently biodiversity loss are predicted to occur in invertebrates, specifically insects, and these declines are expected to cascade onto ecosystem functioning and human well-being. Although this knowledge is intrinsically present in more traditional communities, in more urban environments, mapping ecosystem services can be an important tool to raise people's awareness on the importance of preserving insect diversity. After an extensive revision of the available literature, we used a rule-based approach to assess the provisioning, regulating and maintenance, and cultural services delivered by insects. We followed the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES) and identified several potential indicators that may help underpin the mapping and valuation of the services delivered by insects. From our search, we extracted a total of 73 indicators, divided as 17 Provisional indicators, 27 Regulation and Maintenance indicators, and 29 Cultural indicators. We concluded that insects are providers of services in the three major 'Sections' of ecosystem services defined by CICES. Despite the lack of recognition of provisioning and cultural services, the indicators provided may help to raise awareness on the importance of the little things the run the world, in order to preserve traditional and technological uses of insects and their services.

**Keywords:** ecological function, ecosystem services, insects, natural capital, services indicators

© 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2018 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
