**1. Introduction**

The current trend of internet use for social applications, such as facebook and twitter, is a strong indication of the substantial demand for information and communication technology. Therefore, behind the success story of these popular social applications is the capability of telecommunication infrastructure to handle huge amount of information transfer worldwide.

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Optical communications have been widely used for this important task. Advancement in high capacity and high speed optical communication system has always become an important topic of discussion among the communications community. One of the important techniques in optical communication system is to realize high capacity data transportation through multiplexing technique. The technology is moving forward, where innovative alternative to the existing multiplexing method is indispensable to accomplish the future needs in optical communication implementation.

Generally, multiplexing is required to share the huge bandwidth of well-known fibre optic medium with many users, hence provides more cost efficient for practical implementation for high capacity data transformation. Typical implementation of multiplexing can be done in electrical or optical domain. Electrical-based multiplexing is very important technique due to the capability of electronic technology to switch the data with high speed, efficiency and reliability [1].

In this chapter, we report the investigation of system performance for recent electrical-based multiplexing technique known as multi-slot amplitude coding (MSAC) for high speed optical communication link. This work is very important in order to justify the benefit of MSAC as an innovative multiplexing compared to other electrical-based multiplexing such as electrical time division multiplexing (ETDM) and duty cycle division multiplexing (DCDM).

#### **2. Electrical time division multiplexing (ETDM)**

ETDM is a technique that adopting electronic circuit to execute multiplexing process in electrical domain. In EDTM concept, the bit from multiple input tributaries is arranged as a single output tributary by allocating all the bits with smaller time slot as compared to the time slot of input channel. As a result, the bit rate or speed of output tributary is higher than the input bit rate so that all the bits at the input can be transferred correctly to the output. The output tributary bit rate, *R*T of ETDM is

$$\mathcal{R}\_{\rm tr} = \mathcal{N} \mathcal{R} \tag{1}$$

Where *N* is the number of input tributaries and *R* is the input tributary bit rate. The bit duration *T*<sup>b</sup> of the input tributary is given by

$$T\_b = \frac{1}{R} \tag{2}$$

The basic concept of EDTM implementation based on three input tributaries depicted in **Figure 1**. In this figure, ETDM operates with three input tributaries so the output bit rate of EDTM is 3*R* bits/s and the output bit duration becomes *T*<sup>b</sup> /3. The output of ETDM can be used to modulate the light source for data transmission. Due to simple and efficient operation of ETDM technology, it is extensively adopted for commercial application for synchronous optical network (SONET) , synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) and optical transport network (OTN). Currently, high speed electronic-based ETDM has been reported to support more than 40 Gbit/s serial data using advance material and state-of-the-art technology [2].

**Figure 1.** ETDM concept.

Optical communications have been widely used for this important task. Advancement in high capacity and high speed optical communication system has always become an important topic of discussion among the communications community. One of the important techniques in optical communication system is to realize high capacity data transportation through multiplexing technique. The technology is moving forward, where innovative alternative to the existing multiplexing method is indispensable to accomplish the future needs in optical com-

Generally, multiplexing is required to share the huge bandwidth of well-known fibre optic medium with many users, hence provides more cost efficient for practical implementation for high capacity data transformation. Typical implementation of multiplexing can be done in electrical or optical domain. Electrical-based multiplexing is very important technique due to the capability of electronic technology to switch the data with high speed, efficiency and reliability [1].

In this chapter, we report the investigation of system performance for recent electrical-based multiplexing technique known as multi-slot amplitude coding (MSAC) for high speed optical communication link. This work is very important in order to justify the benefit of MSAC as an innovative multiplexing compared to other electrical-based multiplexing such as electrical

ETDM is a technique that adopting electronic circuit to execute multiplexing process in electrical domain. In EDTM concept, the bit from multiple input tributaries is arranged as a single output tributary by allocating all the bits with smaller time slot as compared to the time slot of input channel. As a result, the bit rate or speed of output tributary is higher than the input bit rate so that all the bits at the input can be transferred correctly to the output. The output

*R*<sup>T</sup> = *NR* (1)

Where *N* is the number of input tributaries and *R* is the input tributary bit rate. The bit dura-

The basic concept of EDTM implementation based on three input tributaries depicted in **Figure 1**. In this figure, ETDM operates with three input tributaries so the output bit rate of

to modulate the light source for data transmission. Due to simple and efficient operation of ETDM technology, it is extensively adopted for commercial application for synchronous optical network (SONET) , synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) and optical transport network (OTN). Currently, high speed electronic-based ETDM has been reported to support more

than 40 Gbit/s serial data using advance material and state-of-the-art technology [2].

*<sup>R</sup>* (2)

/3. The output of ETDM can be used

time division multiplexing (ETDM) and duty cycle division multiplexing (DCDM).

**2. Electrical time division multiplexing (ETDM)**

munication implementation.

68 Optical Fiber and Wireless Communications

tributary bit rate, *R*T of ETDM is

of the input tributary is given by

*<sup>T</sup>*<sup>b</sup> <sup>=</sup> \_\_<sup>1</sup>

EDTM is 3*R* bits/s and the output bit duration becomes *T*<sup>b</sup>

tion *T*<sup>b</sup>
