7. Conclusions and perspectives

Redox flow battery technology is relatively new and not yet well-developed. Rational electrolyte management and cell design can lead to the enhancement of energy storage capability and a reduction in construction cost. Novel electrolyte chemistry and development of a new configuration of flow batteries will create high system flexibility. Physiochemical and electrochemical redox properties of active couples, stability window of supporting electrolyte, selection of supporting ions, stability of electrode materials and cell components are key factors for successful applications. Future market penetration of flow batteries needs low cost, high energy density and high power density. The pace of recent development in the active organic molecules as electrolytes opens new strategies of cost-effective and sustainable solutions for large-scale stationary energy storage. The application of energy-dense solid materials in suspension for redox flow batteries may largely enhance the energy density of flow battery systems.
