**Meet the editor**

J. Eric McDuffie, BSc, MBA, PhD, is the scientific director at Janssen Research and Development. He joined Janssen in 2007 and currently serves as the head of the Mechanistic and Investigative Toxicology in San Diego, California, USA. Previously, he held various positions at Pfizer, Inc. in Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA, including manager/senior scientist, Global Laboratory Core (2000–2001), and man-

ager/principal scientist, Investigative Pathology (2001–2005). He also served as the principal scientist, Investigative Immunotoxicology at Esperion Therapeutics, a Pfizer, Inc. company, Plymouth, Michigan, USA (2006–2007). As a postdoctoral research fellow at the University of Michigan Medical School in Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (1998–2000), he collaboratively investigated the role of pro- and anti-inflammatory cyto- and chemokines in liver, kidney, heart, and lung injury responses. He has coauthored several peer-reviewed manuscripts and book chapters and served as a coeditor for the benchmark book, *Drug Discovery Toxicology: From Target Assessment to Translational Biomarkers* (2016). His plethora of research interests spans across investigative toxicologic pathology in drug development. Current investigative foci include the assessment of excitotoxicity risk using novel human iPSC-derived glutamatergic neuronal models.

Contents

**Preface VII**

Yafei Chen

**Fungicides 37**

Chapter 4 **Neurotoxins and Autism 55**

Elena Fonfria

Sebastián Torres Farr

and David Kennedy

Cassiano Carromeu

Chapter 1 **Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Cultures to Assess Safety of New Drugs and Chemicals 1**

Chapter 2 **Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Human Glutamatergic**

**Excitotoxicity in Drug Discovery 17**

Chapter 3 **Use of the Model Organism Caenorhabditis elegans to**

Afaf El-Ansary, Abeer Al-Dbass and Hanan Qasem

Chapter 5 **Botulinum Neurotoxin: A Multifunctional Protein for the Development of New Therapeutics 75**

Chapter 7 **Developmental Neurotoxicity of Fluoride: A Quantitative Risk**

Chapter 8 **Targeting Acid-Sensing Ion Channels by Peptide Toxins 133** Chengchong Li, Yuhua Wang and Xiang-Ping Chu

**Analysis Toward Establishing a Safe Dose for Children 115** John William Hirzy, Paul Connett, Quanyong Xiang, Bruce Spittle

Chapter 6 **Resistance to Botulinum Toxin in Aesthetics 103**

**Neurons as a Platform for Mechanistic Assessment of Inducible**

**Elucidate Neurotoxic and Behavioral Effects of Commercial**

Kathleen M. Raley-Susman, Eunice Chou and Hayley Lemoine
