**Meet the editors**

Editor, Associate Professor Dr. Arch. Amjad Almusaed was born on January 15, 1967. He holds a PhD degree in Architecture (Environmental Design) from "Ion Mincu" University, Bucharest, Romania. He followed a postdoctoral degree research in 2004 on the sustainable and bioclimatic houses, from the School of Architecture in Aarhus, Denmark. Dr. Almusaed has more than 27 years

of experience in sustainability in architecture and landscape with innovative orientation. He has carried out a lot of research and technical survey works and has performed several studies, in the area mentioned above. He is an active member of many international architectural associations. He published many papers, articles, types of research and books, in different languages.

Co-Editor, Assistant Professor Sammera Mohamed Salih Al-Samaraee, PhD, was born in Basra on June 12, 1962. She received her doctorate degree in Medicinal Plants from Basra University in 2004. She is affiliated with Basra University since 1986. Her research areas include horticultural, sustainable landscape areas upon residential, educational and health programs specifically for public

spaces, where she published many studies and articles in this domain. She is a supervisor for multiple students involved in master and PhD degree programs. Sammera is a pioneer in her field and has an extensive cooperation between her department and the department of architecture. She is an active member of many local and international organizations.

Contents

**Preface VII**

**Section 1 Overview on Grass Topic 1**

Amjad Almusaed

**Importance 11**

Chapter 1 **Introductory Chapter: Overview on Grass Topic 3**

**Microorganisms and Grasses 13**

Rafael Goulart Machado

Nurdan Coskun Çetin

Maghchiche Abdelhak

**Climate Change 87** Katherine Dunster

G. Muñoz

**Section 2 Grasses in a Complex Agronomic Process: The Benefit and**

Chapter 3 **Importance of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) for Controlling of Aquatic Vegetation 29**

**Section 3 Different Grass Species from Diverse World Regions 41**

Chapter 5 **Endemic Species of the Family Poaceae in Chile: Taxonomy,**

Chapter 4 **Study of Some North African Grasses (Ampelodesma mauritanica and Esparto Grass) 43**

**Distribution, and Conservation 63**

Chapter 6 **Beyond Turf and Lawn: Poaceae in This Age of**

Chapter 2 **Analytical Interpretation of the Beneficial Interaction Between**

Yusuf Bozkurt, İlker Yavas, Aziz Gül, Beytullah Ahmet Balcı and

Víctor L. Finot, Alicia Marticorena, Roberto Rodríguez and Romina
