**Author details**

Jingmei Jiang1 \*, Mingtao Zhang2 , Lei Hou3 , Wei Han1 , Yong Tang2 , Shaohua Liang2 and Weizhi Wang2

\*Address all correspondence to: jingmeijiang@ibms.pumc.edu.cn

1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

2 The People's Hospital of Altay Prefecture, Xinjiang, China

3 National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

### **References**


Malaga G, Rumboldt Z, Oveisgharan S, Al Hussain F, Magazi D, Nilanont Y, Ferguson J, Pare G, Yusuf S; INTERSTROKE Investigators. Global and regional effects of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with acute stroke in 32 countries (INTERSTROKE): A case‐control study. Lancet. 2016;**388**(10046):761‐775. DOI: 10.1016/S0140‐6736(16)30506‐2


backgrounds in Xinjiang China. International Journal of Cardiology. 2015;**179**:558‐560. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.10.077

[13] Han W, Hu Y, Tang Y, Xue F, Hou L, Liang S, Zhang B, Wang W, Asaiti K, Pang H, Wang Z, Wang Y, Zhang M, Jiang J. Relationship between urinary sodium with blood pressure and hypertension among a Kazakh community population in Xinjiang, China. Journal of Human Hypertension. 2017;**31**(5):333‐340. DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2016.83

Malaga G, Rumboldt Z, Oveisgharan S, Al Hussain F, Magazi D, Nilanont Y, Ferguson J, Pare G, Yusuf S; INTERSTROKE Investigators. Global and regional effects of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with acute stroke in 32 countries (INTERSTROKE): A case‐control study. Lancet. 2016;**388**(10046):761‐775. DOI: 10.1016/S0140‐6736(16)30506‐2

[3] Hou L, Zhang M, Han W, Tang Y, Xue F, Liang S, Zhang B, Wang W, Asaiti K, Wang Y, Pang H, Wang Z, Wang Y, Qiu C, Jiang J. Influence of salt intake on association of blood uric acid with hypertension and related cardiovascular risk. PLoS One. 2016;**11**(4):e0150451.

[4] Kawano Y, Tsuchihashi T, Matsuura H, Ando K, Fujita T, Ueshima H, Working Group for Dietary Salt Reduction of the Japanese Society of Hypertension. Report of the Working Group for Dietary Salt Reduction of the Japanese Society of Hypertension: (2) Assessment of salt intake in the management of hypertension. Hypertension Research.

[5] The Chinese Work Group on Blood Pressure Measurements. Chinese guidelines on blood pressure measurements. Journal of Clinical Hypertension. 2011;**19**(12):1101‐1114.

[6] Writing Group of 2010 Chinese Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension. 2010 Chinese guidelines for the management of hypertension. Journal of Clinical

[7] Joint Committee for Developing Chinese Guidelines on Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Adults. Chinese guidelines on prevention and treatment of dyslipid‐

[8] Hou L, Han W, Jiang J, Liu B, Wu Y, Zou X, Xue F, Chen Y, Zhang B, Pang H, Wang Y, Wang Z, Hu Y, Li J. Passive smoking and stroke in men and women: A national popula‐ tion‐based case‐control study in China. Scientific Reports. 2017;**7**:45542. DOI: 10.1038/

[9] Wu Z, Yao C, Zhao D, Wu G, Wang W, Liu J, Zeng Z, Wu Y. Sino‐MONICA project: A collaborative study on trends and determinants in cardiovascular diseases in China, Part

[10] Thygesen K, Alpert J, Jaffe A, Simoons M, Chaitman B, White H; Writing Group on Behalf of the Joint ESC/ACCF/AHA/WHF Task Force for the Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction. Third universal definition of myocardial infarction. Circulation.

[11] Chugh SS, Reinier K, Teodorescu C, Evanado A, Kehr E, Al Samara M, Mariani R, Gunson K, Jui J. Epidemiology of sudden cardiac death: Clinical and research implications. Progress Cardiovascular Disease. 2008;**51**(3):213‐228. DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2008.06.003 [12] Jiang J, Zhang B, Zhang M, Xue F, Tang Y, Liang S, Hou L, Wang W, Han W, Asaiti K, Nasca PC, Wang Y, Pang H, Wang Z, Wang Y, Qiu C. Prevalence of conventional cardio‐ vascular disease risk factors among Chinese Kazakh individuals of diverse occupational

emia in adults. Chinese Journal of Cardiology. 2007;**35**(5):390‐419. Chinese

I: Morbidity and mortality monitoring. Circulation. 2001;**103**(3):462‐468

2012;**126**(8):2020‐2025. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e31826e1058

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150451

Hypertension. 2011;**19**(8):1101‐1114. Chinese

2007;**30**(10):887‐893

32 Recent Trends in Cardiovascular Risks

Chinese

srep45542


[31] National Bureau of Statistics of China. The data of the fifth population census in China. 2000. Available from: Http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/renkoupucha/2000pucha/pucha. htm

[22] Liu L, Liu L, Ding Y, Huang Z, He B, Sun S, Zhao G, Zhang H, Miki T, Mizushima S, Ikeda K, Nara Y, Yamori Y. Ethnic and environmental differences in various markers of dietary intake and blood pressure among Chinese Han and three other minority peoples of China: Results from the WHO Cardiovascular Diseases and Alimentary Comparison

[23] Guo SX, Ma RL, Guo H, Ding YS, Liu JM, Zhang M, Zhang JY, Xu SZ, Li SG, Rui DS, Niu Q, Li YP. Epidemiological analysis of dyslipidemia in adults of three ethnici‐ ties in Xinjiang, China. Genetics and Molecular Research. 2014;**13**(2):2385‐2393. DOI:

[24] Joshi SR, Anjana RM, Deepa M, Pradeepa R, Bhansali A, Dhandania VK, Joshi PP, Unnikrishnan R, Nirmal E, Subashini R, Madhu SV, Rao PV, Das AK, Kaur T, Shukla DK, Mohan V; ICMR‐INDIAB Collaborative Study Group. Prevalence of dyslipidemia in urban and rural India: The ICMR‐INDIAB study. PLoS One. 2014;**9**(5):e96808. DOI:

[25] Cabrera M, Sánchez‐Chaparro MA, Valdivielso P, Quevedo‐Aguado L, Catalina‐Romero C, Fernández‐Labandera C, Ruiz‐Moraga M, González‐Santos P, Calvo‐Bonacho E; ICARIA (Ibermutuamur CArdiovascular RIsk Assessment) Study Group. Prevalence of atherogenic dyslipidemia: Association with risk factors and cardiovascular risk in Spanish working population. "ICARIA" study. Atherosclerosis. 2014;**235**(2):562‐569.

[26] Sowers MR, Randolph J Jr, Jannausch M, Lasley B, Jackson E, McConnell D. Levels of sex steroid and cardiovascular disease measures in premenopausal and hormone‐ treated women at midlife: Implications for the "timing hypothesis". Archives of Internal

[27] Ali ZA, Al‐Zaidi MS. The association between body mass index, lipid profile and serum estradiol levels in a sample of Iraqi diabetic premenopausal women. Oman Medical

[28] Yang YN, Xie X, Ma YT, Li XM, Fu ZY, Ma X, Huang D, Chen BD, Liu F, Huang Y, Liu C, Zheng YY, Baituola G, Yu ZX, Chen Y. Type 2 diabetes in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous

[29] Tao Y, Mao X, Xie Z, Ran X, Liu X, Wang Y, Luo X, Hu M, Gen W, Zhang M, Wang T, Ren J, Wufuer H, Li L. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes and hypertension in Uygur and Kazak populations. Cardiovascular Toxicology. 2008;**8**(4):155‐159. DOI: 10.1007/

[30] Yang W, Lu J, Weng J, Jia W, Ji L, Xiao J, Shan Z, Liu J, Tian H, Ji Q, Zhu D, Ge J, Lin L, Chen L, Guo X, Zhao Z, Li Q, Zhou Z, Shan G, He J; China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study Group. Prevalence of diabetes among men and women in China. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2010;**362**(12):1090‐1101. DOI: 10.1056/

region, China. PLoS One. 2012;**7**(4):e35270. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035270

Medicine. 2008;**168**(19):2146‐2153. DOI: 10.1001/archinte.168.19.2146

(CARDIAC) study. Hypertension Research. 2001;**24**(3):315‐322

10.4238/2014.April.3.11

34 Recent Trends in Cardiovascular Risks

10.1371/journal.pone.0096808

Journal. 2011;**26**(4):263‐266

s12012‐008‐9024‐0

NEJMoa0908292

DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.960

