**11. Conclusion**

Neutrophils are specialized phagocytes that coordinate and execute inflammation. Neutr‐ ophils constantly surveil oral tissues in order to guarantee oral health. Alterations in the neutrophil homeostasis (defects in recruitment and proper function) lead to periodontal diseases. Also, hyperactive neutrophils can exacerbate and even cause autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Chronic infections driven by pathogenic biofilms indicate that the immune system fails to fully protect the host. New potential therapeutic approaches have been identified. They promise a relief from periodontitis and perhaps other inflammatory disorders.
