**6. Limitations**

The described methods for hemodynamic monitoring of neonates have many limitations. The clinical ones are vastly subjective and do not correlate well with the laboratory methods. The continuous bedside noninvasive methods are less accurate and sometimes demand complex deducement to what is happening. There are no trials on resuscitation using the noninva‐ sive methods. The more sophisticated noninvasive methods require expensive equipment and are time consuming, measuring the parameters in the moment of measurement and not continuously.

### **7. Conclusion**

Hemodynamic monitoring, which was for a long time not available in neonates and prema‐ tures, is becoming an indispensable tool for understanding how cardiovascular system adapts to extrauterine life. This is especially important when treating the smallest premature with peculiar and very vulnerable hemodynamics. This article adds some of the latest information on hemodynamic monitoring in neonates with specific emphasis on the methods which are available, cost‐effective, noninvasive, and easy to manage and understand.
