**The Quantified Indices for Compensatory Patterns for Low Back Pain and Outcome Measures Low Back Pain and Outcome Measures**

**The Quantified Indices for Compensatory Patterns for** 

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.69910

Paul S. Sung and Pamela Danial Paul S. Sung and Pamela Danial Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.69910

#### **Abstract**

The quantification of balance stability is valuable to a number of populations, including older adults with low back pain (LBP). Investigations into postural stability and one‐ leg standing should be performed to integrate balance performance using kinematic and kinetic indices. The comparison of postural control between older adults with LBP and healthy older adults might contribute to a further understanding of postural adap‐ tations, especially when considering visual condition. The one‐leg standing test would highlight the differences in kinematic and kinetic stabilities between groups. Because the eyes‐closed condition results in significantly decreased spinal stability, the normalized kinematic and kinetic indices could be utilized to compare postural integration as well as proprioceptive responses. Older adults with LBP demonstrated higher lumbar spine sta‐ bility in the eyes‐open condition, which might be due to a possible pain avoiding strategy from the standing limb. Clinicians need to consider both kinetic and kinematic indices and visual condition when addressing lumbar spine stability. Quantified indices for com‐ pensatory patterns might provide further understanding of optimal injury prevention and rehabilitation strategies for individuals with LBP.

**Keywords:** low back pain, balance, kinetic, kinematic, biomechanics, postural control
