**Author details**

Han Chien Lin

compounds of bamboo vinegars are about 10.65–20.09%, 57.87–65.98%, 10.13–18.76% and 9.66–15.30, respectively. The acid compounds included butanoic acid, 2-methoxyethyl acetate, 4-hydroxy-butanoic acid and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-butanoic acid. The maximum fraction of acid compounds is the bamboo vinegar collected from 80 to 150°C. The phenol (5.93–16.60%), 2-methoxy-phenol (8.27–16.39%) and 4-ethyl-phenol (3.68–9.48%) are the main fractions of phenol compounds for bamboo vinegars. For ketone compounds, the 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopentenone-1-one, 2, 3-dimethyl-2-cyclopentenone-1-one and maltol can be measured for bamboo vinegars collected at all temperatures. The maximum

Inhibition (%) = [1–(number of His+revertants in the presence of the test vinegar—number of spontaneous revertants)/

**Table 6.** Inhibition of diverse bamboo vinegars collected at different temperatures toward *Salmonella typhimurium* TA98

(number of His+revertants in the absence of the test vinegar—number of spontaneous revertants)] × 100.

**Collection temperature (°C)**

NQNO 25.00 25.031 70.14 30.18 77.65 - -

AFB1 20.00 24.38 62.94 40.63 68.97 37.80 66.35

NQNO 25.00 27.85 74.45 2.76 81.77 22.96 68.97

AFB1 20.00 20.03 75.24 11.63 73.06 20.14 74.86

**Over 80 90–92 99–102**

20.00 23.15 65.34 27.04 76.05 23.21 75.22 13.33 12.80 60.64 22.33 64.80 20.58 58.91 10.00 11.29 59.45 13.49 63.15 15.18 57.97

13.33 21.13 57.88 30.44 61.53 26.36 66.00 10.00 18.31 37.43 28.88 53.14 24.26 54.88

**120–123 145–150 80–150**

20.00 11.67 64.45 1.19 60.23 4.20 61.38 13.33 4.08 61.55 1.00 40.71 0.75 57.31 10.00 1.07 28.52 0.63 18.18 0.19 42.74

13.33 18.73 68.97 8.54 66.41 17.09 73.27 10.00 13.20 59.88 0.92 60.50 7.44 58.44

**TA98 TA100 TA98 TA100 TA98 TA100**

**TA98 TA100 TA98 TA100 TA98 TA100**

According to the former, results of safety evaluation (**Tables 1** and **2**; **Tables 3** and **4**) and antimutagenic activity (**Tables 5** and **6**) are present in diverse bamboo vinegars, the mutagenicity is occurred in the diluting percent content of vinegars that are higher than 20.00%, and without S9 mix is at 33.33%, but the diluting percent content of vinegars of 20.00% or less, expressed the amount-dependent inhibitory effect against both NQNO with 1 μg/plate

fraction of ketone compounds is the bamboo vinegar collected from 120 to 123°C.

**Specimens Diluting percent content (%)**

60 Bamboo - Current and Future Prospects

**Specimens Diluting percent content (%)**

Bamboo vinegars

Bamboo vinegars

1

and TA100 with S9 mix.

Address all correspondence to: alexhlin@mail.ncyu.edu.tw

Department of Wood Based Materials and Design, College of Agriculture, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
