**1. Introduction**

Various species and systems were used for the analysis of vascular tissue [1–5]; however, *Arabidopsis* has been demonstrated to be the most suited plant for studies of molecular biology and developmental genetics due to its model status [6]. This in combination with rapid and effective induction system for vascularization [7, 8] with features, such as functioning vascular cambium and secondary vascular tissues found in woody plants, established in *Arabidopsis* will provide decisive advantage over previous approaches.

In this review, we summarize information concerning secondary vascular tissue development in *Arabidopsis* including cambium ontogenesis and xylogenesis, with accompanying changes in auxin distribution, directionality of its flow, and cellular polarity defined by auxin transporters (PIN family proteins), which have been indicated to be involved in regulation of vascular tissue patterning and regeneration [7–9].
