**4. Future thrust**

**6.** Drought‐tolerant short‐duration finger millet varieties for late season drought in south

**11.** Community tanks/ponds as a means of augmentation and management of village level

interior Karnataka,

158 Plant Engineering

water resources,

**7.** Short‐duration crop varieties suitable for late sowings,

**13.** Jalkund—low‐cost rainwater‐harvesting structures,

**14.** Check dam‐storing excess runoff in streams,

**17.** Recharge of wells to improve shallow aquifers,

**18.** Integrated Farming System modules,

tion and soil health,

**3. Conclusion**

**8.** Crop diversification for livelihood and food security, sustainability,

**12.** Individual farm ponds for improving livelihoods of small farmers,

**15.** Rainwater harvesting and recycling through temporary check dam, **16.** Enhancing resilience through improvement in conveyance efficiency,

**20.** Management practices to tackle cold stress in backyard poultry,

**24.** Zero‐till drill wheat to escape problem of terminal heat stress,

**27.** Improved fodder cultivars to solve the problem of fodder scarcity.

**26.** Village level seed banks for reducing seed shortages,

**19.** Captive rearing of fish seed—a livelihood opportunity in flood‐prone areas,

**21.** Shelter management for small ruminants to tackle heat stress and rain storm,

**22.** Small‐farm mechanization through Custom Hiring Centres for farm machinery,

**23.** Improved planting methods for increasing water use efficiency and crop productivity,

**25.** In situ incorporation of biomass and crop residues for enhancing soil microbial popula‐

Climate smart strategies like choice of suitable crop and cultivars, integrated farming sys‐ tem, site‐specific nutrient management, residue management, intercropping with legume, conservation agriculture‐based resource conservation technology, agro‐forestry and crop diversification can help minimize negative impacts to some extent and strengthen farmers by sustainably increasing productivity and income. Location‐specific medium‐range weather

**9.** Flood‐tolerant varieties impart resilience to farmers in flood‐prone areas, **10.** Improving the resilience of poor farmers reclaiming cultivable wastelands,

> Precise and accurate weather forecasting for different location will help to make contin‐ gent plan for different crop and cropping systems. Researches on precise water, nutrient and pesticide application technologies suitable for small and marginal farmers are needed. Researches on crop residue management, minimum tillage and mulches need to be devel‐ oped. Development of IFS models is done for different locations keeping in view of farmers resources in that locality. Breeding and biotechnological approaches for crop and varieties need to be developed for adoption in changing climatic scenario.
