**SOS Message Distribution for Searching Disaster Victims Victims**

**SOS Message Distribution for Searching Disaster** 

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.69690

Jane Louie Fresco Zamora, Noriyuki Suzuki

[78] Johnson KB. Development of a versatile wide-angle lens characterization strategy for use in the OMNIster stereo vision system [thesis]. USA: University of Tennessee, Knoxville,

[79] Miyamoto K. Fish eye lens. Journal of the Optical Society of America. 1964;54(8):1060–1061 [80] Hughes C, Denny P, Glavin M, Jones E. Equidistant fisheye calibration and rectification by vanishing point extraction. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intel-

[81] Hughes C, McFeely R, Denny P, Glavin M, Jones E. Equidistant (fθ) fish-eye perspective with application in distortion centre estimation. Image and Vision Computing. 2010;28(3):

[82] Parhizgar S. An evaluation of an omni-directional (fısheye) vision sensor for estimating the pose of an object [thesis]. Saskatchewan, Canada: University of Regina, Master of

[83] Nikon [Internet]. 2015. Available from: http://imaging.nikon.com/ [Accessed: 21 April 2017] [84] Image Resource [Internet]. 2015. Available from: http://www.imaging-resource.com/.

[86] Sahin C. A construction of camera calibration field for close range photogrammetric camera calibration [thesis]. Kocaeli, Turkey: Gebze Institute of Technology, Graduate School of

[87] Sahin C. Comparison and calibration of mobile phone fisheye lens and regular fisheye lens via equidistant model. Journal of Sensors. 2016;2016(9379203):11 pages. http://dx.doi.org/

Applied Science in Software Systems Engineering University of Regina; 2014

[85] Photo.net. [Internet]. 2015. Available from: http://photo.net/ [Accessed: 2017-04-21]

Tenn; 1997

538–551

ligence. 2010;32(12):2289–2296

56 Smartphones from an Applied Research Perspective

[Accessed: 2017-04-21]

10.1155/2016/9379203.

Science Engineering and Sciences; 2004

Jane Louie Fresco Zamora, Noriyuki Suzuki and Shigeru Kashihara and Shigeru Kashihara Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.69690

#### **Abstract**

This chapter presents the design and implementation of the SOSCast application which enables SOS message distribution for searching victims in a disaster-damaged area. During catastrophic disasters such an earthquake or tsunami, people may be injured or trapped in fallen buildings and debris. In situations like these, it is critical that rescue operations must be done within the first 72 h to save many lives. It is also during these events where communication infrastructures are severely damaged, and thus, makes it difficult for victims to ask for help due to the absence of communication channels. By using the SOSCast application in such scenario, victims are able to exchange SOS messages automatically by communicating directly among smartphones with less operation. By collecting these SOS messages, rescuers can find the existences of the victims as mapped on their smartphones. We have shown in our preliminary experiment within a residential area that SOSCast is capable of determining the existence of a propagator based on the collected SOS messages.

**Keywords:** smartphone, application, emergency communication, SOS message, bluetooth
