**7. Easy preparation of reduced GO‐based conducting polymer composite via organogel**

Recently, we have reported that a highly electrically conducting graphene (reduced GO, rGO) based polymer composite was successfully prepared via organogels using an organically dispersible electrically conductive polyaniline (polyANI) and a low molecular‐weight organogelator consisting of cholesterol derivatives: organogelator used was complex salt of cholesterol hydrogen succinate with 1, 10-diaminodecane [33].

The plain gel was prepared by heat treatment of a mixture of toluene and the organogelator. PolyANI/rGO organogel was successfully obtained by the addition of polyANI and rGO to the plain gel and mixing them, as shown in **Figure 17**.

**Figure 17.** Easy preparation of polyANI/rGO organogel.

Similarly to the plain gel, polyANI/rGO organogels showed thixotropic behavior. It became apparent that these gels show a good recovery of viscoelasticity after the application of mechanical stress. Three‐dimensional networks consisting of organogelators, polyANI aggregates, and rGO particles dispersed in the gel state were confirmed by the microscopic studies.

The value of electrical conductivity of the polyANI/rGO organogel is very low: it could be detected at 2.5 × 10⁻ 5 S/cm. The conductivity of dried polyANI/rGO composites synthesized via organogels was determined to be 3.2 S/cm. It is interesting to note that the contribution of the organogelator to form effective and complementary conducting pathways by polyANI and rGO.

A ballpoint pen was filled with the polyANI/rGO organogel and used to produce lines similar to the ones produced by commercially available ballpoint pen. It is interesting to note that the line showed electrical conductivity.
