**Author details**

Doppler Vibrometer (LDV). The fundamental resonant frequency has been measured to be

**Figure 13.** Measured resonant frequency for a 3 × 3 mm2 membrane over the cavity using LDV. Adapted from Grady et

In this article, we have reviewed the experimental study of in-plane and out-of-plane me‐ chanical properties of 2D materials ranging from conductors (e.g., graphene), semiconductors (e.g., TMDCs and BP), to insulators (e.g., h-BN). First, various approaches for fabricating suspended 2D material devices have been demonstrated, whose advantages and disadvan‐ tages have been compared. Then, the various characterization methods and the corresponding results have been summarized, with special focus being paid to the mechanical differences among the different 2D materials. With the extraordinary mechanical properties (ultralow weight, high Young's modulus, and high strength), 2D materials possess the potential for applications in flexible electronics and highly sensitive resonating mass sensors. The associated piezoresistive and piezoelectric effects under mechanical strain in 2D materials extend their

The authors would like to thank the financial support of UK Engineering and Physical Sciences

applications to strain sensors, nanogenerators, and advanced NEMS.

graphene membrane.

approximately 16 kHz for a 3 × 3 mm2

238 Two-dimensional Materials - Synthesis, Characterization and Potential Applications

al. [94].

**5. Conclusions**

**Acknowledgements**

Research Council (EPSRC) for this work.

Rui Zhang and Rebecca Cheung\*

\*Address all correspondence to: r.cheung@ed.ac.uk

Scottish Microelectronics Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
